Hello Everybody,
Read the Article "Language Games" and write a review for it, combine your own thoughts and knowledge of language and play. You might want to consider "vocabulary acquisition" and "culture influence" on Language Acquisition and Games.
Good Luck,
Tuncer Can
11.12.2006
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as I read from the article,ludwing wittgenstein made many investigation about philosophy of language.He thinks that speaking a language is part of activity or a form of life.According to his idea,for example,in a primitive tribe, a child speaks the words that he hears them from his elders.And his other idea,the meaning of a word is how it is used.We can say that a child uses the word in second game in the same meaning as it is in first game.
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In the article "Language Games", Ludwig wittgenstein is described as the philosopher of language.He thinks that the purpose of a word is the use that it serves within its language game.Also the meaning of a word is how it is used.According to this article,the problem in language is that the same word is used in two seperate language games.Also the text includes different examples.The most attracting example for me is the words "lighter" and "darker".In this example Wittgenstein says that these words have a common meaning in language game like "paint me a picture including dark blue".When they are used in different meaning as in the example "a,e,o,u.Arrange these vowels in order of darkness" people get shocked and don't understand in which meaning it was used.Also in ancient times,the word "God" belonged to religious category,and "theory" belonged to science category.But now,we use both of them in the same language game.
Language games are divided into many categories like card games,ball games etc.Wittgenstein implies that in fact these games are fully similar like family members.So,games are a form of family.I want to mention about culture influence on language games.For example,in a primitive tribe,a child learns the words as his elders thougt and pronounce them according to them.I looked some comments about games like Star Wars and Micro Machines.A large quantity of people says that Micro Machines is a hard game for a child who knows limited words and only after 30 minutes child gives up playing game.So,vocabulary acquisition is important.
The German philospoher Wittgenstein thiks that philosophy is clarity and in that sense he tries to eliminate the confusions about the words.He proposes that the meaning of a word is tightly connected with how it is used,in other words the use of the words determines its meaning;which constitues the basis of his concept:language game.It may seem that all the words are the same,however it isn't so;we use words according to our different purposes,we add different meanings to them.He means by using the term "language game" that language is a part of life,it belongs to life like games and activities.The language and the activities are intertwined.Children have a language capacity innately(as Chomsky proposed calling this capacity language acquisition device),but they develop the paractical side of the language by acquiring the concept of language games through life.Words get different meanings according to different contexts and in every culture different language games turn up.The words are like tools and each has different aims.Wittgenstein help us come over the perplexities about words and I agree that there is no true meaning,the meaning depends on the ones who use it and how they use.
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l believe that everything consumed by humanity had been carried out through necessity.with looking this theroy we can arrive the result;Wittgenstein created thıs game bacasue of WHAT? l found thıs necessity in the text with the ideas of this philospoher.Words are the tools of hıs job and manytimes many problems reveal because of the misunderstanding among his around or anywhere so Wittgenstein provided the flexible way to language actually to word with the 'Language Games'The German philospoher submitted his
thesis with these sentences "Words are tools for communication, and these symbols have purpose only in the context in which they are employed. In discussing our choices of words and their definitions, we are serving to delineate the language games in which these signs are employed, and thus avoiding any future misunderstanding in their application. Perhaps this too is a language game of a particular sort, as it is an activity with a purpose, and our words adapt to this process as they would to any other." I understood from the article that actually words have no meaning or any stable meaning the truth is, we give the meaning to word for instance l can use word "pen" as a implement for writeing or a sword in a war it depends my wishes however l want. ı can use words like that so at a result according to me words aren't animals which locked in the cages and written their name on their collars they are free and everybody can call them whatever they want the most important cause is language is living creature like human and plants
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Ludwig Wittgenstein who was one of the most influential philosophers of language creats the idea that 'the meaning of a word is determined by how it is used'.that is,a word gains its meaning according to where and how it is used.He explain this idea with his concept of a language game.According to him giving names to things is only a preperation for the play of language game.These words are tools needed for communication and they gain their meaning in the context they are used.Wittgenstein gives a communication between builders and one of them calls out the words block,column,slab and the others bring the things these words refer to.we can understand from the activity of the builder that the words they use serves for a certain purpose in these language game.He also demonstrates that one word can be used in different contexts without any change of symbols.So people can think it has the same meaning butthe meaning changes according to context.By seeing words as the pieces of language game,we can make our speech attain clarity.
one purpose of these language games is to stress how language is learned forthe first time.Children have the language as an inborn capability but they develop this capability by language games,hearing it from grown ups.Wittgenstein emphasises that speaking of a language is part of an activity or a form of life.people use words to state their activities.so we can say that culture has influence on vocabulary and language acquisition.Because activities can vary according to people's abilities or form of life.For example;in our culture the relationship between relatives is more important so there are many words related to this issue so children acquire many words about relationships.
According to Wittgenstein' language model,a person learns a language with definitions of the words that take place in the language.However,Wittgenstein means here that definitions comprise both naming the object and pointing at it.That is,you say to a child "glass",and point at the glass and the child learns to use the word "glass".Or,you go to a grocery and ask for 6 apples.He then says the number one,two...by heart as he reaches for an apple with each count.This is a language game that serves as an example of how he learns his basic language not only with naming the objects but also doing things with language.Mostly,we dont understand the meaning of several words initially.We simply learn to use the words in various contexts.
The most important aspect of this language model is that the learner has to be involved in the language game not only as a "receiver" but also,"doer"of the game.
What Wittgenstein,one of the most distinguished philosophers of his time, wishes to emphasize by using the term "language games" is that having the ability to speak a language and catching the meaning of it should be attributed to daily life activities.Here the usage of language is also stressed.To broaden,Wittgenstein argues that a word in a language can attain meaning in people's minds to the extend it's used in an eloquent context.
In addition the elements which contribute to form the context are,too,explained by the philosopher.He bears the idea that a person's inner capacity of language acquisition and the environmental conditions are two of the significant factors.
He's also adding that senseless and too general usage of terms causes conflicts,for we sometimes might think some words as having the same meaning and use them incorrectly.For example the term "games"..It contains a wide range of meaning for many derivations such as card games,board games etc.If we use this word for every one of them,we might lead to an unavoidable misunderstanding.In that sense,Wittgenstein suggests that words are only tools for transmission of feelings and they can interpret our thoughts as long as they are in a palpable context.
In my opinion,the meaning that we attribute to a word reflects our vision.Here,the cultural values are also point at issue.That is,if an object has a high value in a culture,consequently the word representing it will take on equivalent value,and will be used so frequently.In the same way, if a culture isn't aware of a stuff,there will be no term to describe something like that.To sum up,the vocabulary diversity is in a direct proportion with the cultural values,needs and habits.also,of course,with the speaker who creates them and the listener who gives meaning to them.
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3231050073 said that
in the text given us as a reference Ludwing wittengensteini,an important philosopher contributing the philosophy of language said that the meaning of a word ishow it is used or the meaning is use.İn other words,words are necessary for communication and they have meaning only in tde context they are used.He introduced to us the concept of a language game to clarify his claim.An example of a language game is the language serving for communication between the builderA who calls out the words he needs such as blocks piller,column,bean and B asistant brings them in the other he wants.He called this as a complete,primite language.We can adapt this example to a tribe whose means of communation is the primitive language of any given game.We will notice that the adults training the child to learn the language point out the block for example and direct his attention to the object and pronounce the word block then the child repeats afterwards.İn the actual usage of the languagu the adult calls out the words and the child brings it.This game shows us how children learn to speak for the first time it also shows us that all people have the innate capacity and capability to learn a language.İt also shows us that the adults form traning situation for the children to help them acquire their language.İn my opinion too people have the innate capacity,capability to learn a language.The people around them train the children to learn the language.While training them and forming the training situation the adults shows the object name it then the child repeats it mechanicaly this is a languge game but I thing that the childs repeating the words after adults say isnt enough for language acquisition.Children should be trained to use the languge games which make them more active like ring a ring roses.Through these games the children unconciously learn what the means is along with specific actions corresponding the word,We can say that the language and activities are introwen.Also thanks to the games songs jingles which are related to the right sideof brain the children have fun in the process of learning a language which is ralated to the left side of brain.Making the both sides of brain active make the active member.Also through games the people around them they learn functionallanguage such as requesting and learn the social rules and volues of his society.
Accordig to Lugwig Wittgenstein;the meaning of a word is how it is used.Namely;a word can be used in two seperated language games but appears to be same word.Actually a word used in a different games or context,is not the same meaning.A word's meaning differs from context to context.There is not only one meaning of a word.Wittgenstein compares words to family resemblances and tool in a tool chest in which there are many tools like screwdriver,hummer...but the function of these tools as varied as function of words.In addition to this facts;there are an inextricably connection between language and culture.For instance,in ancient times some words are used in special category like 'God' used in religious category, 'theory' used science.But in every day life the word is used in together.Also I want to give another example about culture and language connection;a child who lives ın Kanada can not learn the meaning of sheep as he don't hear the word from his parents.I support to Wittgenstein.
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3231050102 TO UNDERSTAND THE MEANİNG OF WORDS AND THE STYLE OF OUR UNDERSTANDING OF LANGUAGE LUDWING WITTGENSTEIN IMPROVED A NOTION NAMED LANGUAGE GAME.IN THIS LANGUAGE GAME HE FOCUSES ON TWO MAIN POINTS.ONE IS HOW A WORD GAINS MEANING AND THE OTHER IS HOW LANGUAGE IS ACQUIRIED.WITTGENSTEIN SAYS THAT WORDS GAIN MEANING AS THEY ARE USED AND ALSO EACH GAIN DIFFERENT MEANINGS IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS.I THINK HE IS RIGHT.BECAUSE THE SAME WORD CAN GAIN DIFFERENT MEANINGS IN DIFFERENT CULTURES.AS IN EVERYTHING WORDS CAN BE NOTHING IF NOT USED.I ALSO APPROVE OF LUDWING'S THOUGTSOF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION.I BELIEVE THAT THE SOURCE OF LANGUAGE IS BOTH NATURE AND NURTURE.AS HUMANS WE HAVE INBORN CAPACITIES OF LANGUAGE AND IMPROVE THIS BY MEANS OF OUR ENVIRONMENT.ANOTHER IMPORTANT POINT IS THAT LANGUAGE IS FOCUSED ON SPEAKING.IF IT ISN'T SPOKEN IT CANNOT EXIST.
Ludwig Wittgenstein was a philosopher concerning mostly with language, also the creator of the thought that the meaning of a word is firmly associated with how it is used. According to this idea, a word doesnt have one meaning or doesnt have the same meaning everywhere it is used; we attribute different meanings to words by using them for various purposes. To clarify this idea Wittgenstein explains his concept of language game; the notion which states that there is an activity or a form of life in speaking of language. He gives an example, in one of his book, of a communication between a builder and his assistant. While constructing the building, the builder calls out the words "block", "column","slab" or "beam" which are necessary for building and the assistant brings the things he has learned to bring when the builder calls. We can understand in this language game that each word here are used for certain purposes. So as Wittgenstein does, we can name words as tools for communication; tools which are meaningful of purposeful merely in contexts where they are employed. 3231050089
Ludwig Wittgenstein was a philosopher concerning mostly with language, also the creator of the thought that the meaning of a word is firmly associated with how it is used. According to this idea, a word doesnt have one meaning or doesnt have the same meaning everywhere it is used; we attribute different meanings to words by using them for various purposes. To clarify this idea better Wittgenstein explains his concept of language game; the notion which states that there is an activity or a form of life in speaking of language. He gives an example, in one of his book, of a communication between a builder and his assistant. While constructing the building, the builder calls out the words "block", "column", "slab" or "beam" which are necessary for building and the assistant brings the things he has learned to bring when the builder calls. We can understand in this language game that each word here are used for certain purposes. So as Wittgenstein did, we can name words as tools for communication; tools which are meaningful or purposeful merely in contexts where they are employed. 3231050089
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The German philosopher Wittgenstein was one of the scientists dealing with the philosophy of language.He thinks that the purpose of philosophy is clarity.That is,philosophy's aim should be to remove the confusions about the words.Becausehe reckons the same words differ in meaning in which situations they are used which result in misunderstandings.These situations constitute 'language game'.We can say when the language and the activities are together,language game occurs.I agree with the opinion of wittgenstein.Because,it is important in which situations we use a word.Take for example the word 'break'.It has many different meanings changing in situations although the word as a symbol doesn't change.Also,cultural influences shouldn't be forgetten in languages.Because a word may have different meanings in different cultures.For example,dragon.While it is the symbol of power in the east,it has a disapproving meaning in the west.So,we can only understand its meaning through the communication.All in all,a word is used in different language games and it only has meaning in the context of its language game.
what ı understood from the about ludwig wittgenstein and his theory of language games is that wittgenstein has a different theory about the complexity of the meanings of the words.he thinks of language as a whole game.That is a word is just the symbol of what you refer by it.Members of the same language can understand each other because they know for what they use that word.However this is not so much easy,because there remains the synonymous words in a single language.To clarify ths situation he has mede such a resemblance that word are like tools in a tool-pocket.That is a jammer can be used for different purposes,likewise a single word can mean two or more different things,and tis is just related to the context the word is used in.By developing such a theory wittgenstein,I think,has made a great help for those who has no other way of explaining the language and vocabulary except from saying "THİS İS THE RULE"....
Ludwig Wittgenstein is a prominent philosopher of the 20th. century on the philosophy language.As I understood his working on language is connected over the thought "meaning is use".He focus on the usage of words.As we think that in terms of vocabulary acqusition,his builder's game might be the example.For example in this game the needing words which consists of the communication between builder and his assistant also help to improve our vocabulary acquisition while we learn at the same time while we play.According to his other thought,he emphasise the importance of child learning from their growns up by trained language as it is used in this society.We can think this as an example of culture influence on languge acquisition.He also believes the idea that each language game has words and these words only can have meaning in their game.For example the word "God" has meaning in a religious game.But we use mixed language game in daily life.So language game related to one another with family resemblance and the meaning of a word is its use in languge. 3231050032
We need to speak for expressing ourselves and we found some expressions for communication. Humans give some names to the activities or to everything which is in this activitiy so every word and expression has a place in this activity and serves to be understandable. Ludwig Wittgenstein give a name to this word production in an activity : language game.This game can change according to the culture of course because each nation has different activity and different patterns of relation so this difference cause to be produced different words or expressions in different languages.
Language games help also to the language acquisition because the game that Wittgenstein talks about is life itself and real communication in this life. We learned words and the meaning of them, in other word, the use of them by seeing, hearing, using them so by experiencing them.
3215030015(Double Major)
3231050127 Ludwig Wittgenstein says that meaning is use and the meaning of a word is how it is used.This means that we give meaning to words according to their use.And a word can be meaningful only if it is used in the context in which it was produced.I mean,for example;the word 'anaesthetize' was produced to name a medical action.And it has meaning if it is used in this context.But
in a different context,it may not give the same meaning.This is what Wittgenstein calls 'language game'.To sum up,words have purpose only in the context in which they are employed.
anonymous said
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The German philospoher Wittgenstein was one of the most influential philospoher in ancient times.He claims that with philosophy misunderstanding and confusion of words can be eliminated or clarify.According to him the true meaning of words strictly deal with how it is used and which meaninig it is used.The usage of words should in harmony with text meaninig.He also demonstrates words used in two seperate language games but their meanings are different in every context.Wittgenstein explains his concept of language game; the notion which states that there is an activity or a form of life in speaking of language. He gives an example, in one of his book, of a communication between a builder and his assistant.While constructing the building, the builder calls out the words "block", "column","slab" or "beam" which are necessary for building and the assistant brings the things he has learned to bring when the builder calls.Each word used with specific meaning.The usage of same words can be different within cultures, some words used much in a culture neveretheless they can't be used frequently another culture.
In this article the focused is "the meaning of a word is how it is used".According to their functions we give meanings to the words and we use them in different language games in terms of our purposes giving new meanings.Language game is a term used for emphasising that speaking of a language is part of an activity, it's part of our lives.The words we use and activities related to them combine a language game.We use different combined language games that are related to each other.I think giving meanings to the words is a result of necessity.For instance, if you live in a country where the weather is always rainy, probably you give meanings to the words related to rain mostly and form a language game.And from this aspect,I think vocabulary acquisition is gained because of necessity by training.
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As far as I understood from his theory he is pointing out the importance of the words especially the content words. Of course, as a child, as they are acquiring a language they don’t learn it through explicit explanations such which comes first, that comes later, in grammar rules, but they get it through constant repetitions in a social interactiv environment and also by the help of their inborn capacity(LAD). Even if they tell something they heard already in a wrong way or in an inproperate situation, we try to correct their error by telling and repeating the correct form and not explaining them why it is wrong, how it has to be said. We start teaching them first the content words, they grasp them immediately and try to built on them by putting them step by step in order, avoiding the syntax and function words. So they try to figure out to express themselves with a very limited vocabulary. But they are very curious, they try to discover the world so they are very talkative and don’t hesitate asking questions by using these already heard words even they are not correct in that particular situation, because they don’t care making mistakes and also aren’t afraid of repeating them, as adults do. From that perspective and combining with his theory I find The Total Physical Response Theory very useful in that sence, especially for elementary level which we will be most probably dealing with. If we start to present them the content words supporting with the correct acts, gesture, body and mimics, playing with our voice as much as we can, I am sure they will easily progress in English rather than we explain the words in turkish. In that way they will combine the words with the movements so they learn it by involving more sences and not just hearing.
But on the other hand, as I was reading the article I got the idea that he has just focus on the words and it seemed to me like he ignored the importance of the language, communication as a whole. A language is so complex and it has so many dimensions so it is not fair to underestimate its power and to limit it just with words. Furthermore, it is a living object, so vivid and flexible you can firm it from culture to culture from generation to generation even from region to region within its own. If we equal the language just with words it won’t be a language, but a tarzan way of speech. However, our aim should be much higher than that. We have to teach our future students step by step the importance of pronounciation, syntax, semantics and pragmatics by being a good model and representative of that language.
Pelin K. Akcura
According to Wittgenstein, a well known philosopher of numerous areas but most importantly in the philoshopy of language the aim of philosophy is clarity.So he deviced the term language game with which we can escape all manners of confusing problems and can attain clarity in language.Another underlying reason to introduce this pecular concept of languageis to show how a language is learned.
We can look at the example of builder A and his assistnt B to understand the language game better.Builder A orders B to bring things he needs.the philosopher calls this a complete primitive language in other words a language game.Language and activities are interwoven.The same thing happens in the class learning a languge.The teacher says a word and point to the object the word mean.After same repetition ,the word is learned.There is a point Wittgenstein stresses and ı think it is very crucial in the meaning.Meaning is use, in other words the meaning changes according to the context.The symbols are same but the meaning is different.This often leads to muddles.To prevent that the philosopher suggest that employing a word is like using a tool.For example you can both use it to slice bread and to spread butter.The same is true for words.You can use a word in different contexts for different meanings.Wittgeinstein also says that naming an object is not a move in language game but just a preparation for it.Yes you might know the word but for a language game it is necessary to decide which context you will use ıt.
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In this text mainly philosophical notion of language is told.Ludwing wittgenstein is shown as one of the most influential philophers of the 20th century.He says that a word gains meaning with its usage.as example a conversation of 2 builders is shown.Indeed we learn all words with their usage form of course place, time..This is called as language games by Wittgenstion.In this game each language game is described in terms of how it is taught.Think that you are a hairdresser.If you have a baby while growing up your child you see that your child is gaining the language which is used in your workplace.'cause everytime you repeat the same words so after a time the child unconsciously begins to speak them.Here also we see that culture is effective on language acquisition.In a primitive society and a developed one maybe method is the same but the spoken language is different.Its main reason the needed language.to use a word we have to need it to use.
3231050079 said...
As far as i understand the most important point Wittgenstein stresses out is that words don't have a complete meaning on their own.We can understand their real meanings only when they are used in sentences or in a context.As an example he gives the terms "darker" and "lighter".And he sees language as a game.As an example he gives builder's game.In my opinion in this game we(grown ups) are B.ın other words we are assistants and children are builders.We carry them building stones(teach them words or what else)and they construct the building(language).That is what i understand from Wittgenstein's game.It might be a different dimension but i want to mention about real games.I think using games while teaching language to children is very important.Because eagerness is very important while learning something.And the best way to achieve this eagerness while teaching language to children is game.
As understod from the explanatıons of Wıttgensteın,"meanıng ıs use".The purpose of a word ıs the use ıt serves wıthın ıts sentence.
I have found hıs callıng a complete prımıtıve as a"language game"rıght,especıally when he explaıns thıs case wıth the example of chıldren language acquısıtıon.Inıtıally,we poınt to an object,dırect the chıld's attentıopn to ıt and say ıts name.thıs process ıs repeated untıl the word gaıns a meanıng ın the chıld's braın.Of course the ınborn capabılıtıes(LAD)are effıcıent ın thıs phase.
Naturally,the culture ıs a promınent factor,sınce language and culture are ıntertwıned.I mean that the more dıfferent language games you combıne ın a culture,the greater the potentıal for confusıon.to summarıze,words are the necessary equıpment for communıcatıon and these symbols only gaın an aım ın the context ın whıch they are employed.
While I was reding this article,I was aware of the fact that all the things explained there were right.And,Witgenstein really deserved to be seen as the source of the idea that "the meaning of a word is how it is used" or "meaning is use" as he succeeded in proving his ideas thoroughly.
In this article,language game is defined very clearly and enough examples are given to to make the readers understand what a language game is.Also,very effective comparisions are made.
The term "language game"is meant to emphasise that the speaking of a language is part of an activity or a form of life.Following the concept of a language game,the purpose of a word is "the use it serves within its language game".
A word only has meaning in the context of its language game,and so,if the word is used in a different context,its meaning need not be the same. We can use words in contexts that extend far beyond their original uses.In other words,we have a tremendous capacity to apply words taught in a specific context to other settings which may have little or no logical connection with the original game.
When I examine all the information given in this article,I see that as human beings,we acquire our language by being trained to its use by our parents or by other grown-ups around us.(Of course,the training situations which are possible depend upon our inborn capabilities.)For example,while a child leaves a place,his mother tells him to say "goodbye" and to wave his hands to the people there.And,the child says goodbye to the people waving his hands.Thus ,he learns the meaning of a word and its use.
We can see the same way of acquiring a language in the conversation between the two men who are constracting a building or in the situation in which a grown-up points a building stone,directs the attention of the child towards it and then,pronounces a word.
Words serve very different functions and the functions of words are as varied as the fuction of tools in a chest.The meaning of a word is its use in language.And,words are the pieces of a language game.
The important point is how we use them.And the setting in which they are used has a great effect on them.For example,there are many words used for relatives in our culture and it shows how much importance we give to our relationships.Yet,this is not true for each culture.Lastly,we always have to take into consideration the fact that words are not equivalent in function.Language is alive and as words are pieces of it,they are alive,too.I think this sentence summarizes what Wittgenstein wants to tell.
3231050074 MERYEM SİMGE ÇENGEL
Ludwig Wittgenstein,one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century,tries to find an answer to this question: "Why so much confession and argumentation result from such gentle variation in the way individuals employ their words?"
He says "Meaning of a word is how it is used." So a word's meaning can change in the sentence it is used.
"Language game is the whole of the language and the activities performed with the words of this language." This is the description of Wittgenstein.We can call it,our daily speaking and interactions with other people.
To sum up,every word has an own meaning but this meaning can change up to sentence it is used in and the aim it is used for.
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3231050049 said...
One of the most influential philosopher of twentieth century, Ludwig Wittgestein, is asking that 'What does aword mean?'
After I read the article written by Wittgenstein actually i felt that i learned so many important things from it.I am completely thinking as him. He says that 'meaning a word is how it is used' when i saw this sentence i said myself that, that is the case.Words may not mean any thing on their own or they may have a few different meanings, but when we use a word in a sentence or in a paragraph it is going to have only one meaning according to the context. I think it really like a game. Wittgenstein explains this issue giving an example about contructing a building. For consructing a building we use some tools, stones, columns, slash etc... these materials or tools don't mean anything but when we combine them for a purpose we can make a building with them.
Besides this; for constructing a building we need one more important thing. 'Ability'. if builders and their assistances don't have the ability to construct a buildıng even if they have all the materials and tools i am afraid they can't construct the building. As a conclusion if we have ability to learn a language and if we know enough vocbulary to define ourselves thorougly it will be easy to play with them.
CERTAINLY,KNOWING WHAT A WORD MEANS AND HOW WE ARE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND A LANGUAGE IS RELATED TO LANGUAGE ACQUISITION.NAMELY TO ACQUIRE A LANGUAGE YOU HAVE TO KNOW THE WORDS IN YOUR TARGET LANGUAGE.KNOWING THESE WORDS OF THE TARGET LANGUAGE ON LEARNING ITS GRAMMAR YOU ARE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND THE LANGUAGE SLOWLY.BUT THE IMPORTANT ONE IS HOW LANGUAGE IS LEARNED IN THE FIRST PLACE.WE CAN EXAMINE THIS BY FOCUSING ON HOW CHILDREN LEARN TO SPEAK FOR THE FIRST TIME.YOU WANT A CHILD TO KNOW 'PEN'WORD.AS PRACTICAL YOU DIRECT THE ATTENTION OF THE CHILD TOWARDS IT AND PRONOUNCE THE WORD.YOU CAN REPEAT THAT ONCE OR TWICE MORE.BY SHOWING PEN AND THEN ITS PRONOUNCE AFTER A WHILE THE CHILD COMPREHENDS AND STARTS TO SAY 'PEN.FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION ON A CHILD CAN BE PUT PRACTICE INTO LIKE THAT.LUDWING WITGENSTEIN,WAS ONE OF THE MOST İNFLUENTIAL PHILOSOPHERS IF TWENTIETH CENTURY,EXPLAINS AS LANGUAGE GAMES.LANGUAGE GAME IS DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF HOW IT IS TAUGHT.LIKE EXAMPLE ABOVE IT CAN BE DESCRIBED AS'PRIMITIVE LANGUAGE AND TEACHING A WORD THANKS TO LANGUAGE GAME.BUT IN VOCABULARY ACQUISITION THERE ARE SOME PROBLEMS.THE PURPOSE OF A WORD IS THE USE THAT IT SERVES WITHIN LANGUAGE GAME.WITTGENSTEIN EXAMINES THESE IN TERMS OF PHILOSOPHICAL PROBLEM.FOR EXAMPLE A WORD CAN BE USED IM TWO SEPERATE LANGUAGE GAMES.BUT WE PERCEIVE IT AS THE SAME WORD AND MEANING.THE MEANING OF A WORD CHANGES FROM CONTEXT TO CONTEXT.THE IMPORTANT ONE IS TO LOOK OR UNDERSTAND HOW THE WORD IS USED IN THE CONTEXT.NAMELY TO COMPREHEND ITS MEANING.FOR EXAMPLE 'WARM'IN A CONTEXT IT CAN BE USED LIKE 'I DON'T WANT WHITE WALLS.I WANT SOMETHING WARMER'.ITS MEANING IN THIS SENTENCE IS 'COLOURS,RICH AND BRIGHT' BUT IN ANOTHER CONTEXT IT CAN BE USED LIKE 'HE WARMED HIS HANDS IN FRONT OF THE FIRE'.A PERSON WHO KNOWS THE MEANING OF WARM AS MAKING MODERATELY HOT DOESN'T UNDERSTAND ANOTHER MEANING.AND HE/SHE CAN'T COMPREHEND THE CONTEXT.IN THIS RESPECT,CULTURE INFLUENCE ON LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND GAMES CAN BE AN IMPORTANT FACTORS TO UNDERSTAND THESE TWO SEPERATED MEANING,LANGUAGE GAMES.IN 'A' CULTURE WARM INCLUDES DIFFERENT MEANING.IN 'B' CULTURE,IT IS USED DIFFERENT MEANINGS,TOO.SO SMALL WONDER THAT CARELESS USE OF WORDS LEADS US TO BEWILDERMENT AND CONFLICT...
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According to Ludwig Wittgenstein,the meaning of a word is hidden in how we use and interpret it or meaning,itself,is
usage.I interpret from language games that they are short sections in life that we practise speaking and depending upon it learning,getting a language.Language games have great part in language acquisition.In the example of builder A and builder B,Wittgenstein tells that,when you(builder A)get someone(builder B)to bring something by saying its name and pointing at it,you help her/him to be active in the language game,perform the process and acquire the language.Knowing words'names has not so much importance in a language game,but by giving name to things,we can make preparations for the play of that language game.And also,knowing a word does not make sense if we don't give it a role/meaning in a sentence.The function of a word is determined in the context it is used and it changes from context to context.
Sociocultural and religious aspects are also effective in these language games for language acquisition.I want to give an example on religious respect.In Christian society,people worship and have great respect to Chris,as he is their Prophet.So,children are taught Chris in very early ages.However,in our culture although he is seen as a Prophet,he doesn't have much influence on us,since our Prophet is Mohammed.What I'm trying to say is that when the word Chris is used in a context(in a language game),its function changes according to the one who reads it.It makes different associations to a Christian and to me as a Muslim.A word means what it suggests to the one who uses it.
Wittgenstein implies that seeing words as parts of a language game creates a firm ground for a clear understanding in our life.
According to Ludwig Wittgenstein,the meaning of a word is hidden in how we use and interpret it or meaning,itself,is
usage.I interpret from language games that they are short sections in life that we practise speaking and depending upon it learning,getting a language.Language games have great part in language acquisition.In the example of builder A and builder B,Wittgenstein tells that,when you(builder A)get someone(builder B)to bring something by saying its name and pointing at it,you help her/him to be active in the language game,perform the process and acquire the language.Knowing words'names has not so much importance in a language game,but by giving name to things,we can make preparations for the play of that language game.And also,knowing a word does not make sense if we don't give it a role/meaning in a sentence.The function of a word is determined in the context it is used and it changes from context to context.
Sociocultural and religious aspects are also effective in these language games for language acquisition.I want to give an example on religious respect.In Christian society,people worship and have great respect to Chris,as he is their Prophet.So,children are taught Chris in very early ages.However,in our culture although he is seen as a Prophet,he doesn't have much influence on us,since our Prophet is Mohammed.What I'm trying to say is that when the word Chris is used in a context(in a language game),its function changes according to the one who reads it.It makes different associations to a Christian and to me as a Muslim.A word means what it suggests to the one who uses it.
Wittgenstein implies that seeing words as parts of a language game creates a firm ground for a clear understanding in our life.
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Wittgenstein explains the "language games" in connection with the words.Because the most important thing in a language is to use a word on a regular basis.I agree with that because of the differences among the meaning of a word.With the effect of culture,vocabulary which we use is taken on a shape.
Vocabulary acquisition being very important is an essential need for communication.Meaning of a word is described in terms of how it is taught.Sometimes we use the words with thaeir real meanings or sometimes by metaphors.Metaphors have some differences in their meanings and they change from culture to culture owing to the traditions,religions or the points of view of that society etc.On the one hand,explaining something in their native language,for example speaking with some irony,people explore them without a hitch.On the other hand,in a foreign language,that trope may has a different meaning.So,I think "cultural difference" is an important factor on language games.People from varying society make the words' comprehendings change.
Then the very time is for "language games".Words or phrases play little games for us.This also come to a conclusion with "confusion".And the more we are dressed up about the language,the less difficulty we have about the confusions of comprehendings.
When we examine this article artificially, that LUDWİG WİİTGENSTEİN was one of the most important scientists of his era is obvious.And his thesis tells about that; meaning depends on how it is used.Especially, in the last years, this rule has proved its varranty in language education.Grammar is essential for the words to be sequenced logically side by side.But form and meaning depend on usage, that is, on aim.The follwing example shows that clearly. "I..is... the subject of the sentence"(from first lesson) All I understood is that.In spite of this, I want to emphasize reasons why usages bring diffrences.Because, I believe that process and results are for just reasons.According to psychology, diffrences in language (metaphors or other variety in language) originates from needs, cultural necessities, visual relativity and sub-concepts of language. If we match these from article, ıt can be understooden clearly: thinking way and traditions( example of primitive tribe and as extra eskimos using four words for snow) indirect effect of perceiption on language( listen.....order of __darkness__) prefix-sufixes and emphasize(lighter and darker) This is my opinion.Briefly, I can say that language reaches its aim only by using words.So no matter how different they are, variety is necessary.
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games helps the child to learn new words and use them.as we all know,babies learn how to speak by imitation the words they heard.so,tey learn the things around them (social affect)sometimes they create new words to use,for example; "zee"" for tea.in this case,they want to be independant.they use the word how they want.this can be support the idea “the meaning of a word is how it is used” or “meaning is usgames are the methods that children get the acqire of some subjects about which no one can teach.they can learn it while enjoying it.
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Ludwig Wittgenstein,whose contributions were mostly to the philosophy of language,was the source of idea "meaning is use".He improved a concept called "Language Games" to understand better the language.
In this concept, there are descriptions about the usage of words,namely,how words gain meaning and then how language is acquired.If we want to make it concrete, one person calls out the words and another one acts according to them.One of its purpose is to understand how language is learned, this is how language is acquired.It's thanks to our innate ability. But some problems can emerge here.One problem is that a word can be used in two different language games.A word has only meaning in the use of its language game.I agree to Ludwig Wittgenstein here. A word sometimes can have lots of meanings and functions so it causes confusion.
Words are needed for communication and the meaning of a word is its use in language.
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Wittgenstein,a philosopher of the 20'th centure,contributing to the philosophy of language,belives that''the meaning of a word is how it is used''and he uses the concept''language game''to explain it.
According to him a language game is meant to emphasise that the speaking of a language is part of an activity or a form of life.So we have,a language game and the word serves a kind of use within this game.The word has meaning only in the context of its language game.İf it is used in a different context it has a different meaning.
Wittgenstein gives the example of these words:for example, the word 'GOD'is used in religions,spiritual language games,or the word'Theory'is used in scientific language games.But we can these words in contexts(language games)far from their original use.And we use all of these words together combining all the language games ever learned.Wittgenstein says that words are eqivalent in function,but act akin to family resemblance.But as a game İ think that language game has its own rules.This rules also differ from culture to culture,from situation to situation.As a word has a specific meaning,when used in a language game,players(speakers)has to solve its meaning,to ply a according to the rules.For example a word used in a phrasel verb may have different meaning from one culture to another.So when children acquire vocabulary from parents(olders)they learn to use them according to the rules of society.
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As I read this article,I had information about Ludwig Wittgenstein and his theory.He was one of the most influential and famous philosophers in the 20th century.He contributed to language philosophy greatly by introducing language game concept.He thinks that language is the part of life and words have meaning according to their usage or in another saying 'meaning is use'.If we use a word in a different context,it will gain a different meaning although it seems the same.We begin to learn words by means of our environment (from our grown-ups and parents...)In fact,all of the words that we know are acquired by a different language game.Wittgenstein gives us the example of two people using language at a construction site in one of his book.This is a very effective example,I think.Because it makes clear the importance of context.
I agree with Wittgenstein.Last year we made a practice ın our reading class.That is;there was a text with some meaningless words in front of us.We read it and we could guess the meaning.This was my first experience in this context.Language is alive.It is possible to change for a living thing.Naturally,a word can gain a different meaning according to its use.
What the article LANGUAGE GAME emphasizes is the different meanings of words.We all assume that each word has only one meaning and it is usually called original usages of words Which we encounter in everyday life.But,if you agree with the same idea,you are definitely wrong,and this reveals your lacking in awareness of When a word is used in a different context,its meaning changes although the word is the same.What a word means depends on How the word is used in the context of language game,and the purpose of the user.Apart from this,scanning the article will add your knowledge of How a child learns to speak his/her first language in the means of the objects shown him/her.Additionally,training a language to a child is associated with inborn capabilities that is the first essential point for learning the language.Finally,I want to state the cultural influence on vocabulary acquisition.The example that Turkish people name all their relatives differently explain they are really concerned with relationship
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As i can see,wittgenstein focuses on the meaning and the function of a word apart from its structure.We can understand this when we examine the dialogue about builder A and asistant B. A is constucting a building with the help of B.For that purpose they use a language consisting of the word 'block','column','slab',beam'.A calls out the words and B brings the stone he has learned to bring at this call. That is ,while they are communicating they don't need a language structure and grammatical rules ,instead of these they prefer using a language game which consist of commands.this languge game remind us a child communication so we can infer that a child also use a language game.All in all ,i can say that the usage of a word in a language determines the meaning .For example if we use the word 'block'in a different language game or in a different context , the meaning of this word can be change also it can lose the function of being a command and can be used another meaning. 3231050006
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According to what i drew from the article,Wittgenstein views language as a series of games which are interwoven with actions and which are based on use of words rather than complete or complex sentences.For example,a builder constructing a building out of building stones such as slabs,blocks,beams or columns simply calls out the words 'slab','block','beam' or 'column' and his assistant brings the building stones at this call.So,in that sense,in order for a language game to be formed activities and words involving the use of that game should be present.Wittgenstein calls such primitive language a 'language game' but in my opinion, that simple games do not work in all cases since we sometimes need more than just words to make ourselves clear and understood.However,as is also stated in the article,such games are so influential in child language development because at the early stages of language learning a child learns words and in further stages a language by being trained to the use of such games involving an adult's calling out orders and a child's acting according to the orders.By repeating these games on his own a child learns more and more of the vocabulary and the language he is trying to acquire.As for Wittgenstein's position that 'meaning is use',i agree that the use of a word in a context rather than what that word represents frames its meaning. David Blair notes that tools have primary, secondary, and creative uses.The primary use of a hammer, for example, is to pound a nail. A secondary use might be to pound a particularly ornery thumbtack. A creative use would be, if attacked, to see the hammer as a weapon of opportunity.We can apply the same thing to words,too.Namely,we can use the same word in different language games.But in some people's part this may lead to confusions and philosophical problems because the meaning of the word used in separate language games may appear to be the same to them.In order to avoid misunderstandings created that way an individual should take words as pieces of a language game and thus understand them in their contexts.
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Ludwig Wittgenstein, philosopher, who contributed mostly to the philosophy of language, produced a notion named "language games". According to Wittgenstein, the meaning of a word is how it is used. That is, words gain their meanings as they are used in different contexts. For example, a word only has one meaning in the context of its language game. When this word is used in a different context,its meaning can change. By this way, children can learn words easily.
Also, he is right in his idea of language acquisition. First language acquisition firstly depends on innate abilities, then children improve it with the help of environment.
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wittgenstein states on the meaning of a word is how it is used. a child understands a word, according to usage of it in games. he hes no capability to understand its other meanings. for example in a game a child learn "googyear" as a new year song. while singing he waves his hand. later if he sees this word in an advertorial as a tire he can't understand it. children acquire the language thanks to conversation "witt"-he hes a long neme- says. he is right. i agree with him.
wittgenstein states on the meaning of a word is how it is used. a child understands a word, according to usage of it in games. he hes no capability to understand its other meanings. for example in a game a child learn "googyear" as a new year song. while singing he waves his hand. later if he sees this word in an advertorial as a tire he can't understand it. children acquire the language thanks to conversation "witt"-he hes a long neme- says. he is right. i agree with him.
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According to ludwing wittgenstein, everybody has the capacity, like that of chomsky's language acquisition device, to acquire language.a baby firstly babbles; then,(s)he uses merely one word to express himself/herself.while acquiring a word, the baby hears it in a context, and by the help of other words (s)he gives a meaning to the word.nevertheless, the context doesn't have to be words. it can be an action, a gesture, a posture etc as well.they all provide a context for the child to understand what the word means.for instance, at times, our child comes to us and asks the meaning of a word. (s)he asks its meaning because it is a new word for him/her,and he has not heard it before, or he has heard it, but the context was not informative enough to guess the meaning of that word.thus, (s)he asks us to provide enough context for him/her to get its meaning. of course, we should not exclude the importance of culture on vocabulary,too.for example, english people use the word "uncle" so as to refer to both the brother(s) of their mothers and the brother(s) their fathers.on the contrary, since turkish people give great importance to relationships, they use different words(dayı and amca) to name these people.thereby, when a turkish child who learns english hears that word, (s)he cannot understand to whom the speaker addresses.yet, if the speaker says the brother of your mother or father, the child can readily get the adressed person, inasmuch as (s)he is provided with enough context.ın conclusion, we can deduce that words gain meaning in appropriate contexts, these contexts give clues to us about how to use words appropriately as it is claimed in wittgenstein's theory called language game
Wittgenstein want to answer this questions;What does a word mean? How are we able to understand language? he works at philosophy of language.His thought that the meaning of a word is how it is used.He gave an example; constructing building.A wants block column... B brings them and learns their meanings. This is a primitive language.
He encounters different problem, one is; a word is used in two different language games but we sense it the same word.Because the word only has meaning in the context of its language game.Because of that we can use words in contexts for different purpose.
Briefly,we say that language game part or form of life.
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Using language game while learning language , produced by philosopher Ludwing Wittgenstein, can help learners to get language easily but definitions comprise both naming the object and pointing at it.When we look at the example of the text,person A say person B to brıng block to construct building and B brings tehm.If we want to teach a word 'lorry'to chıld we should show it to the chıld othewrwise chıld can say lorry for taxi or bus if we don't show lorry and tell him lorry as a mechine which has wheel,engine and drived by people.
According to Ludwing Wittgenstein the meaning of word is how it is used.It is fact that while using word in our speaking,the meaning of the word can change according to situation. While we are using 'break' as divide into pieces, we can also use it as to disobey.For that reason I'm completely agree with Ludwing Wittgenstain's opinion 'each language game is describe in terms of it is tought.
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Ludwig Wittgenstein studied on language and decribed something about language games.He answered some questions and described word how it is used.We use this theory in our lives and useful while acquisition language.Clarity is important for a living language and language game is ideal for this.Also it is easy to understand language and use it in daily life.There is an example in this article and we can understand well the importance of meaning of words.While a man builds something he wants some tools from worker and tell the name of these tools.Worker understand what the man told and bring the tools so it is easy to bring for the worker to bring materials after heard the names of them.We can see this ıf we look a child.We show a bag to this child and say him that this is a "bag".After the child learn this word he always says "bag" when he sees it.When we were at high school our teacher told the meaning of the tools which were we could see at class.So we learned the meanings of them and we described them with their names.
The meaning of words can be differ according to their usage in different communities and this natural.Forexample;at pole there are lots of meaning of snow but at the places where there are deserts people dont know snow and they dont use the word of "snow".
Wittgenstein contributed useful information about the meaning of the word how it is used.ı thank him for the investigations.
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3231040022 EMRULLAH KOCATAŞ Children acquired language connected with their cognitive and biological development. Firstly,children perceive concrete objects.Concrete and visional objects are important for their perception process.So,Games containing concrete and visional objects help children’s acquiring language.The meaning of words are reflected with concrete objects in games.So games get children’s attention and motivate them.Actually, words dont have meaning without context and connected objects.Function of them is important.According to Wittgenstein ,”the meaning of a word is how it is used”,”meaning is use”.İnitially,cognitive process is so simple.But,after cognitive development is completed,it is not so simple as in childhood.After all meaning is abstract.There are many factors like culture,context.So,the meaning is more complex.There is no certainty.actually we must accept that a word means solely what it implies to those who use it,and what it means to them is encapsulated in how it is used.3231040022
3231050088 This week, I’ve acquainted with a term called ‘Language Games’.To tell the truth, I’ve never heard of a term like this before.According to Ludwig Wittgenstein, concept of the language game is ‘the meaning of a word is how it is used’.That’s to say, people can formulate a language so as to use it in a functional way, but while doing this, communication can be a source of great surprise to the unprepared as in the example of builder A and his assistant B. Actually, each individual’s languge acquisition is gained by a language game but the important thing is how it is taught.What is more, the meaning of a word can be changed if used in different contexts(darker and lighter).In other words, the meaning of a word is its usage in language.As it can create confusion for the reader about the language of shakespeare.In shakespeare’s works modern reader run into problems when coming across archaic, unusual words or worse, words that are still used today but have much different meanings.To sum up, every individual acquires language by playing different kinds of language games.And each game has its own rules according to which it is played and of course it is the same for’Language’ acquisition ‘games’.
the main aim of german philisoper ludwing wittgenstein is to bring clearity to the language as we infer from his idea "the meaning of a word is how it is used".the word we use means what we have in our mind for that object,sb or sth else.so,we can use a word for something else if don't do this we can't live in the strict rules of language.learning a language necessitates being relax,not narrow viewed ,it has no border. while learning a language parents use a word for something and later that object is used and the child makes a connection between that object and that word and with repetition it takes place in his/her mind with the help of noronic connections' getting stronger.and later the child learns that a word's usage isn't restricted to only something and he has difficulty finding the correct word sometimes.i used the term correct word but in fact there in nothing as "true meaning or correct word" as we see from the investigations of ludwig wittgenstein.briefly language wants broad view to he words,not creating walls around yourself as "this word CAN'T be used so".
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When I read about this article I immediately remembered a question one of my friends in high school had asked our teacher. he said: 'were the words named by people or did they have names already and people used them?' What I thought and and what I think this article tell is people saw things in the nature and they attributed names to them. For example a man called the yellow circle shining in the sky 'sun' and now it is the name of it, or maybe man called sun differently first,but it evolved into 'sun' in time. from another aspect, the first people naming the fruit which is red,hard and delicious 'apple' could have called it 'banana' and we would be saying banana when talking about 'apple'which is what we call today. this is also the reason of why things are named differently in different languages,as well. people of these countries name them according to themselves and the other learn to call it.the process of learning a language continues until the child begins not to make mistakes in calling the names of the things. Just like a game, as Wittgeinstein says. exactly, this is what a language is, a game.
According to Wittgenstein;children learn language step by step like building,for instance:to make a build, firstly, builder want from his assistant bring blocks,columns,slabs,and beams.And his assistant learn the names of these stuffs.Like them,children also learn language step by step.Firstly, they learn only words then, since a word gains meaning in sentences , they learn to express their thougt in sentences.In my opinion, a language takes shape according to the cultures in which lived.In that,since the western and eastern culture are differnt from each other.Some words in the western language do not have their aquivalent in the eastern language.
the homework which is sent on 02.06 pm belongs to 3231050046. I forgot to add my number.
3231050052 The term "language game" is meant to emphasize that the speaking of a language is a part of an activity or a form of life.This gives me the idea that we get the chance of taking active role while speaking second language, in activities such as games,songs and in real life.Speaking a lanugage comes after babbling, one word stage,two-word stage...The effect of vocabulary acquisition on language acquisition is great because words are the main parts of a language.And a child can learn the meanings for the words in context.It doesn't express anything to the child if we name the 'doll' as it is or in another way.He/she uses the words for the things as s/he hears;that is, the naming of things is not a move in a language game, but rather part of the preparation for the play of that language game.So after preparation(the naming of things), they are employed in the context and gain purpose so meaning only there.From this point of view, I can say that games can be used in teaching second language to children.As is explained in the article, we are invited to consider for each language game that it might exist in isolation.This shows that the thing that gives meaning to the word is situation/context,so children can acquire the second language vocabulary more simply if we provide them with a situation such as games in which they can take part.If we take the idea 'words are pieces of a language game' as a starting point,I can say that teaching new vocabulary can be made with the help of a game whose main stuff is language.These are also supported this idea.No individual word or game element can be defined except by reference to the way it interacts with its environment;by what environmental factors and processes create it and by what values and abilities it holds within the setting in which it occurs.
There are a lot of words that have different meanings in different languages.Each word gains its meaning how it is used.So language is composed of our activities,that is, our life forms our language.
We make our words according to our necessaries in the example of "the builder and his assistant" that Ludwig Wittgenstein.he thinks this is a language game.children learn their language from their surroundings by imitating.Firstly they can say half-words such as "baa, mum..."and then and then they use the words in sentences.Because children don't have the ability of thinking the abstract things, it is hard for them.So, they are teached the words(language) by giving concrete examples.For example it is hard to learn the numbers or math.addition abstractly for a child.But if it is teached with concrete things,for instance with apples,(There is one apple in my hand -by showing one apple-and adding another apple there are two apples and...) this is more easy for the child.Children can learn the language easily with concrete things(language games) also.They are teached everything that they can learn by games.
So,I agree with Ludwig Wittgenstein.Language games are beneficial for teaching the language.I think so,true or false.Anyway.Thank you.
As we all know,a child acquires his first language by some words used in daily language.For example at first he learns the words "mommy,daddy,milk,water etc." because the parents are usually tend to direct the child's attention to these things and then pronounce some words.That's how the child acquires his first language.Because, he understands that from then on when he says for example "milk" he will be given it in a few minutes or when he says "beary" he will be given his toy.And that's what Wittgenstein called as "the language game".And he explains this term by saying “The term ‘language game’ is meant to emphasise that the speaking of a language is part of an activity." which is quite true.We can also see that in his own example about the builders.In that example too,after a word there was an activity.And sometimes,in daily life that activity is in the form of a reply according to the conversation but a reply too is a means of an activity.And of course, the culture in which a child is growing up affects his language, just like his culture forms some parts of his personality.For instance,an Eskimo child would learn lots of words meaning snow and snow types whereas a child born in Brazil wouldn't learn so many words about snow in his native language.And that's one of the culture influences on one's language acquisition.
As Wittgenstein said "The meaning of a word is its use in language". But the meaning of words are sometimes easy to understand, and sometimes they are not, and also they can differ from one person to another, depending on their backgrounds and so on.So to sum up,culture plays a big role on language not only by the means of the words but also by the means of the idioms and proverbs which reflects a country's views about some issues frankly,as far as I'm concered.For all these reasons,culture has a vital influence on our language acquisiton.And by the way, I can say that I really like and agree the term "language game".
I want to handle the text and the language games as a key to understanding native language acquisition in children.
Wittgenstein thinks that words just mean what they imply to those who use them and establishes his point with an example. Two builders communicate with words indicating certain materials of building. One utters a word, the other brings the item to which it refers. This is kind of a primitive language, or language game, consisting of its own terms :block, column, slab, beam and so forth.
So, practically each word has its own implications in the context they're used. When we come to acquisition of native language, this perspective will help us understand where and why children have problems. They may get confused when they come across the same words in different contexts. And it'll take a little time before they become acquinted with the different contexts in which words are used.3231050050
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In the article wittgenstein says that the meaning of a word depends on how we use it.when I first saw the tittle I thought that it is related to a game which is programmed for learning words.But after I read the article ı realized that is somehow related.In our first language we learn words with the help of our environment.In fact we hear them and than we choose some meanings for them.people do not choose same words for same things and we use which words are neccessary.In our lesson our teacher gave an example about "snow".there is one word for snow in our country but it is different in alaska because of different types of snow in their country. In that both culturel differences and personel differences are effective in learning and using the words.one word can have different meanings in different contexts or it can be meaningful one context and meaningless in another context.one word wins or looses the meaning at the playground.And I think the biggest playgorond is the world.
ın my opinion,to learn a language is the result of accumulation which include inborn capabilities and culture influence.As I said;to learn a language;this can be primitive or second language we need not only inborn capabilities but also pratical.Wittgenstein explores the concept of language game that"the meaning of a word is how it is used" or"meaning is use".That is;use is an important criteria in language.If we want to learn or teach a language someone,the speaking of a language should be part of an activity or a form of life.If a language is part a part of our life,we adopt it so propality of making mistakes is lowered.It is important to use language correctly.According to Wittgenstein;how many philosophical problems originate in misunderstandings as to the meaning of word.So,it should be taken into consideration that,the word only has meaning in the context of its language game,and if the word used in a different context,its meaning need not to be same.I agree with Wittgenstein that the meaning of a word is its use in language.
3231050051
I have thought about that before in english and also in turkish. Words have not got just one meaning but a lot. But the confusion was that as one will give some meaning to any word how would we understand it and that is wittgenstein philosophy that help us. it gives us the way of looking at it and finding it easily otherwise we would force to find the right meaning. what to be recognised is that this is not a word game but a language game. people as human beings can not deal with each other with a primitive language. and when we first learned a word we would use it in wrong uses (it is also same with children). and language game i there in use pointing and naming together. even if he does not know the meaning the act will make a place an his head. "children learning English are taught such mechanical responses before they understand the meaning of what they do and say. "How old are you?" the adult says, and the child holds up three fingers without knowing that each finger stands for a year -- or even what a year is." he also says that there are countless language games as the there are countless kinds of use of sentences, symbols and words. "I-bai do-bon't kno-bow wha-butt you-bu mea-been." what do these words mean? this is exactly:
I don't know what you mean.
let's play a language game tomorrow everybody look where the focus is on good and bad, just and unjust. and then think about the use of values.
I have thought about that before in english and also in turkish. Words have not got just one meaning but a lot. But the confusion was that as one will give some meaning to any word how would we understand it and that is wittgenstein philosophy that help us. it gives us the way of looking at it and finding it easily otherwise we would force to find the right meaning. what to be recognised is that this is not a word game but a language game. people as human beings can not deal with each other with a primitive language. and when we first learned a word we would use it in wrong uses (it is also same with children). and language game i there in use pointing and naming together. even if he does not know the meaning the act will make a place an his head. "children learning English are taught such mechanical responses before they understand the meaning of what they do and say. "How old are you?" the adult says, and the child holds up three fingers without knowing that each finger stands for a year -- or even what a year is." he also says that there are countless language games as the there are countless kinds of use of sentences, symbols and words. "I-bai do-bon't kno-bow wha-butt you-bu mea-been." what do these words mean? this is exactly:
I don't know what you mean.
let's play a language game tomorrow everybody look where the focus is on good and bad, just and unjust. and then think about the use of values.3231050007
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firstly we can absolutely say that language acquisition is important in human life.because people communicate with other people with the help of the language.we understand from the passage we read that Ludwig Wittgenstein made many investigations about the language.he thinks the language acqusition as a game and says lots of thing about language philosophy.we know that a child acquire the languagefrom his parents and from the environment of him.so this is like a game(he thinks).also it can be acquired by understandig how it is used.
It is a fact that children imitate all treatments of elders and try to do what they see from their enviroment.Enviroment factor is as important as individuality in language acqusition.Because the ability of acqusition belongs to character of somebody,but language development progress with the help of surroundings of the person.It is a scientific fact that playing game helps to decide to children something on their own,making cooperation with their friends and language development.The function of language is the most important one,because the game takes on a shape according to the usage of "words".The role of words changes with the effect of culture,geography,place,religion....On the other hand,the only stable factor is that each child improves his point of view and language ability with the help of playing game.Besides one of the most important reasons of contribution to language is that children can find the opportunity of expressing themselves while playing game and it helps to the development of verbal ability. 3231050024
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Wittgenstein approaches to language from a phlosophcal perspective. His essay is much about What does a word mean? How are we able to understand language? He supports the idea that "the meaning of a word is how it is used' that reminds me Noah Webster who says that relation between word and meaning is arbitrary. Wittgenstein focuses on usage of the words. Wittgenstein is putting a metaphorical example. He frames language as a game.
the purpose of this metaphor is to stress how language is learned in the first place; the focus is on how children learn to speak for the first time. Let's think of the builder's game. carrying rocks is about having words. If you have rocks you can build a house. Similarly if you have words you can create a language. Of course possesing rocks is not enough to build a house. Thre must be a practical side. A builder must put the stones in the right place. Similarly while creating language you must put word into order to create a language. "The term 'language game' emphasises that the speaking of a language is part of an activity. Wittgenstein believes that the purpose of a word is to serve in language game. That means the purpose of a word is how it is used in context or in terms of other words. He supports the idea that a word should not be analyzed indivudually. It must be evaulated ýn terms of context and other words because the meaning of a word changes according to context as he gives the example of 'light' . Language is also affected by sociocultural phenomons. Language and culture are inextricably intertwined. Culture affect and change the meaning of the words. For example The word God has different connations in different cultures. So we can accept all the languages as the games. These games have similar structures like board games, card games, ball games, athletic games
''Language games are similarly related to one another by family resemblance, and as with other games, rules are of some significance in the formulation of many (but not all) language games''
although thre are many similarites there are also many diffrernces.
Finally Wittgenstein suggests that the meaning of word is how it used in context as he says' The meaning of a word is its use in language.' So the meanings of the word are different to different people.
The studies of Ludwig Wittgenstein provide us to see the universal realities of language acquisition.As Ludwig states, babies around us are learnt words by showing something associated with them.Repeating this action all time,the baby acquires the meaning of the word in the first place.But it doesn´t mean that the association with word plays in the same role all time.For this reosan, philosophical problems in terms of the words'uses arise.And Ludwig's theory "LANGUAGE GAME" commences to prove itself in these situtions.Ludwig expresses that the meaning of a word is how it is used.That is, a word means solely how it is implied by the user of it.Words are tools for communication and these tools can have different means in every context.To give an example,in English, the clause" break vase" can be understood easily, but "the house is broken into" may create some misunderstandings. Because the word break is learnt as dividing something with force.Here forms second ,third and more language games.Langaage is framed like a game by Ludwıg.When a word is used in the first language game and if it is used in the second language game, the reader will look at it and see that its letters are unchanged and it will appear to him as it is the same wordin the first language game.In fact each word may be used for various purposes in each context.In conclusion, the word wihtout its use in language refers nothing.3231050103
jgjypowm
according to wittgenstein the meanıng of a wordis connected with how it is used;in other words the use of the words determines its meaning.I agreee with him.I think language is lıvıng creature so everybody ıs free to use words whatever they want.we attribute different meaning to words by using them for different purposes.If I gıve an example I thınk turkısh ıs the most suitable language for the language games because one word can define several meanıng.For example sometımes our frıends say somethıng which is a stupıd thıng accordıng to us.we say them you know you are very clever by slangıng with him. we know that clever is a person who thınks regularly but altough we use this word we do not want to mean she or he ıs a clever person.thıs sentence gıves the word dıfferent meanıng.I think language game may be lıke thıs.Also If we thınk that as a turkish people we are very fond of our relatıves so when our chıldren start to speak fırstly we teach them to say father mother grandfather grandmother uncle aunt...here also we see that culture ıs efffectıve on language acqusition 3231050132ESRA ASLAN
Ludwig wittgenstein thinks about the purpose of a word when it is used. He says the meaning of a word depents on its usage and according to person. He says language is affected by environment. According to Ludwig Wittgenstein,the meaning of a word is hidden in how we use and interpret it or meaning,itself,is
usage.
According to Wittgenstein, “the meaning of a word is how it is used” or “meaning is use”.That is the most important point for the term ‘language games’.He clearly states that the purpose of a word is the use that it serves within its language game.The relationship between the usage and the meaning is shown with some examples in the text.One of these examples is about the usage of the terms ‘darker’ and ‘lighter’.We see that it is very difficult to understand what darker means when it is used in a different meaning.
Language games are the parts of our lives.Actually,language is acquired by language games,too.there is an example that was quoted from Wittgenstein’s ‘Brown Book’.he says that:
Let us imagine a society in which this is the only system of language. The child learns this language from the grown-ups by being trained to its use… Part of this training is that we point to a building stone, direct the attention of the child towards it, and pronounce a word. In the actual use of this language, one man calls out the words as orders, the other acts according to them.”
I think that is how language is acquired.
What we gain from language games prevents misconceptions in our daily lives.The differences can be seen easily when it is compared to old days.
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3231050036 said:..Ludwing Wittgenstein explained the philosophy of language.According to him the purpose of a word is the use that it serves within its language game.As he said language is a game and he likened this game as a tool bag which has lots of tools in a bag and having lots of names..But for me people live a life which is affected by social,geographical and culturel life..For example I live in turkey and I haven't heard some kind of animals where they live in africa or australia because ı don't have a visual example to make it memorize in my mind so I can say that we are the little children and we have some toys in the life to be an adult and when we become an adult our toys change themselves as adult toys..Life is a game for me..And ıf the life is a game we give some voices to this game which makes our minds clear when we heard them..If life is a game then language is it's toy..
3231050036 said:..Ludwing Wittgenstein explained the philosophy of language.According to him the purpose of a word is the use that it serves within its language game.As he said language is a game and he likened this game as a tool bag which has lots of tools in a bag and having lots of names..But for me people live a life which is affected by social,geographical and culturel life..For example I live in turkey and I haven't heard some kind of animals where they live in africa or australia because ı don't have a visual example to make it memorize in my mind so I can say that we are the little children and we have some toys in the life to be an adult and when we become an adult our toys change themselves as adult toys..Life is a game for me..And ıf the life is a game we give some voices to this game which makes our minds clear when we heard them..If life is a game then language is it's toy..
3231050036 said:..Ludwing Wittgenstein explained the philosophy of language.According to him the purpose of a word is the use that it serves within its language game.As he said language is a game and he likened this game as a tool bag which has lots of tools in a bag and having lots of names..But for me people live a life which is affected by social,geographical and culturel life..For example I live in turkey and I haven't heard some kind of animals where they live in africa or australia because ı don't have a visual example to make it memorize in my mind so I can say that we are the little children and we have some toys in the life to be an adult and when we become an adult our toys change themselves as adult toys..Life is a game for me..And ıf the life is a game we give some voices to this game which makes our minds clear when we heard them..If life is a game then language is it's toy..
According to Wittgenstein;children learn language step by step like building,for instance:to make a build, firstly, builder want from his assistant bring blocks,columns,slabs,and beams.And his assistant learn the names of these stuffs.Like them,children also learn language step by step.Firstly, they learn only words then, since a word gains meaning in sentences , they learn to express their thougt in sentences.In my opinion, a language takes shape according to the cultures in which lived.In that,since the western and eastern culture are differnt from each other.Some words in the western language do not have their aquivalent in the eastern language.
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Ludwing Wittgenstein was a philosopher of language, source of the idea that " the meaning of a word is how it is used" or " meaning is use". According to this idea, a word doesn't have one meaning. Each word gain different meanings in different contexts. Wittgenstein explains his consept of language game; the notion which states that a form of life in speaking of language game. He gives an example of a communication between a builder and his assistant. During constructing the building, the bulder calls out the words "column", "slab", "block", "beam" which are necessary for building. Then the assistant brings the things he has learned to bring. It is obvious that each word here are used for certain purposes. Same as this philosopher does we can name words as tools for building up communication. The function of these tools as varied as function of words. Furthermore, there connection between language and culture. For example, a child who lives in S.Arabia can not learn the meaning of stove (used for heating) as he do not hear the word from his acquaintances.
So I agree with Wittgenstein.
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In this article a new concept of Ludwig Winttgenstein was described to explain what a word means and why we come across so much confusion and misunderstanding in our communication.That is called a concept of the language game.Every language game includes its own words that are used within it.For example,the word 'God' has meaning in a scientific language game.If these wprds are used in their own areas we understand the exact meanings of them.That's why Ludwig claims that the meaning of a word is how it is used or where it is used.The reason why we do not understand the true meaning of a word in speech is that the words belonging to different language games are used together.So,we can conclude that by understanding words as the pieces of the language game we do not get confused and conflict with each other.3231050121
The infant begins to identify the things around him after the birth but especially the interaction between the infant and the environment improves fast between 2-6 ages of the child
In first years one word has numerous meanings for example the child can call every men as dad who has seen and every women as mum.In reality he knows that all men aren’t his dad.He uses this way because his vocabulary completely hasn’t developed yet.
After the second years especially at the term of interaction between child and environment has begun to improve,vocabulary acquisition has begun to develop fast.
The culture influences the vocabulary acquisition .Because the words frequently used are learnt quickly.In other word using some words frequently relates to which are needed by people.Also the development of vocabulary acquisition is related how many stimulus there are in the nature.What is more,we said the culture affects vocabulary acquisition .Let’s explain this hypothesis with an example.The relationship in Turkish culture is more important ,therefore the words in Turkish has been influenced .For example amca,dayı,enişte;hala,teyze,yenge which mean uncle and aunt in English are only two words.
Also the words in games relate to the culture.The relation among the people influences the children by games which is like acquisition.
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lkpkyp
Canan GÜLBEY
3231040135
As we see from the article, Wittgenstein gives great importance to words in language learning. He describes the usage of words as a game. According to the article, words are fundamental parts of the languages. The meaning of a word is how it is used. That is, they serve different functions in different contexts. A word doesn’t have only one meaning. On the contrary, words contain different meanings which appear in various contexts. The example of “darker” and “lighter” is an evident for us. At the same time it is also likely that an unmeaning word will have a meaning if the speaker says it in a right way. I think there are some similarities between the thoughts of Wittgenstein and the approach called “total physical response”. Both of them emphasize that words can be acquired when students learn how to use them in real life. For example, the student should know what to do when somebody says him “open the door, clean the blackboard” etc. Students improve their vocabulary by using new words in their daily lives. They will probably forget if they only learn by heart.
3231050081 hilal kayıkçı said:
ludwıng wıttgensteın,who ıs one of the most dıstınguıshed phılosophers of hıs tıme,ımproved a notıon named language game to understand the meanıng of words and the style of our understandıng of language.In thıs game,he toughts language as a game and focuses on 2 maın poınts.one of them ıs how a word gaıns meanıng.we all know words are compulsory for communıcatıon and they get meanıng only ın the context they are used.that ıs to say a word's meanıng changes from context to context.he thınks words are tools and the functıon of tools are varıed as the functıon of the words.the 2.th one of them ıs how language ıs acquırıed.the source of language ıs both nature and nurture.humans have an ınnate capacıty to learn a language but they ımprove that by the help of envıronment.chıldren develop that capacıty by language games(hearıng the words from parents).also language ıs affected by the culture.
as we learnt from the article language game is something like primitive language.wittgenstein tells about the game of building and when one calls a name another man brings the object.ın this way the names of the objects(vocabulary)are learnt.people especially children learn language with participating(interaction).
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veysel
In my opinion in the article I studied Ludwing Wittgenstein who is one of the philosophers emphisizes very important and true points about language and explain his opinions with a term "language game".
The term "language game" is meant to emphisize that "the speakig of a language is a part of an activity or a form of life."The language and the avtivities are interwoven. We can see this in the language game between the builders. Builder A calls out words (blocks, colums...) and B brings the stone he has learned at this call.Also like this, children learn language from the grown ups by beeing trained to its use.Although language acquisition is bound to the factors comin from birth it is also bound to environmental factors. Adults tell the children use of an object and then teach them to its pronunciation. So children learn the language in an activity.That explains "language game".
Wittenstein says "the meaning of a word how its use" That is, words have meaning in the context of their language games. For example; In Turkish If we see the word "ateş" in an empty paper it doesn't express any meaning to us because of not beeing used in a context. However a commander in a war shouts at "ateş" and the word "ateş" means "fire on the enemies". also If a person takes out a cigarette from his cigarette packet and says "ateş" we understand he is going to smoke and he needs to light his cigarette.As seen, the structure of a word stays same though it means different in different language games.
Words are tools for communication. How we use a key to open a door, we use words to express our opinions.And words don't have an equivalence and they have very different functions.Let!s think the tools that form a chest(hammer,pliers, saw...) The function of words is as varied as tte functions of these objects.
The language and culture are inextricaby interwined.If a phenomenon has an important place in a culture, the word expressing the phenomenon is used a lot and it has an important place . In my opinion, culture is a life style and language is the mirror of the culture.
To sum up life is a game. We play this game by using the elements of language. If you don't want to lose this game you should play the game accarding to its rules. So you should learn your language and use it actively.
3212040013 YELİZ TOP
In my opinion Ludwing Wittgenstein explained language game by trying to show the exact context of the word and firstly being known of a word.According to Wittgenstein one is the gaining exact meaning of the word,the other is how a language is acquıred firstly.In a culture the people belonging to this culture understan the words they speak among each other even if they use some of words wrongly.
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Zeynep Gökoglan
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In language acquisition, the most important stage is the childhood. The more children learn words or varied activities about language, the more the next level in language acquisition is easy , joyful and permanent in their brains.
Firstly, children have to determine about the language that they hear. An ordinary children have a intact linguistic system that enables him or her to interact with others and express needs of hers or his.
At six or seven months of age, babies turn to native language-like sounds involving in consonant-vowel progression. This is called babbling and in this phase language games help those sounds becomes words. Children can get new words by playing and events in games. Although it progress gradually but their minds are open to learn easily and permanently in this stage.
3231050066 Abdurrahman Tanrıverdi
The theory,claimed as the usage of language,especially words on the point of helpful to give necessary meaning,is one of the most attractive subject about philosophy of language by argueing that language is a game that is beneficient to play when it is a must.According to Ludwing Wittgenstein,for the primitive learners,language must be assumed as a game defines to use of words in which situation and which time.At first a child doesn't grasp the knowledge of words,on the contrary,s/he senses as an activity of thought and for thinking is a same process with playing a game.Both are necessity and work wit.
As we all know human being has the capacity of learning language from the birth. The most useful method of learning is imitation. That is, imitation is connected to practice. Ludwing wittgenstein's theory states something alike. According to him,while learning, we hear the word,we learn its mean and we use it in turn. The philosopher pays attention to the clarity of words. In the 'game' the mean of the word is depend on how we use it.
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Fırat Kaya
3231050091
I think that game is of so much importance in the first language acqusition because the child can express himself himself in his native tongue and it is the one by which the child can think and make up his mind .. and as all we know children spend much of their time on games.. this the most important period while child is socializing because there is interaction between children . possibly the greatest for lingual exchange , bad or good but the other children talk the same language and it is their native language also so good or bad they learn new words from each other and can have a larger handle around the first language !
in the text written by Wittgenstein a german philosopher indicates the importance of languages games,according to him each words have different meanıng and for understanding these meanings people should use them in sentences,so the easiest way for thıs way words can be used ın games,as we know despıte of some dıfferences among the cultures games are so unıversıal.for example game play are same in every countrıes.for thıs reason wruter support usıng game plays for llanguage teachıng
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In the artıcles"Language Games"Ludwig Wittgenstein who was one of the most influential philosophers of language creats the idea that 'the meaning of a word is determined by how ıt ıs used.so he claıms that a word has many meanıngs and these meanınıgs are symboled where and how they are used.So the phılosopger devoloped game about language,that ıs language ıs a game.and he ınherıted the other phılosopher underground about language.ın hıs theory,words are tools of hıs job.And he descrıbes many flexıble way ın case any mısunderstandıng among people because of meanınıg of words.And the German philospoher submitted his
thesis with these sentences "Words are tools for communication, and these symbols have purpose only in the context in which they are employed.As a result ı can say to have understand that:as to Wıttgensteın,words have no stable meanıngs.they are flexıble and get theır meanıngs where they are used
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when ı read the article ı understood that german philosopher Ludwing Wittgenstein was interested in languages. ın my opinion ludwing inherited an underground for the other philosopher who are interested in language. he tought that languages are composed of some tools like sentences and words. acoording to him language is a game with their most important elements. he clarified that if a languge want to line long, this language should have clarity. ı understooh from the text that the members of the same language group can comminicate with each other easily because the rules of the game known everybody. but different languages group can not comminicate with each other because of the different rules of languages
According to the article,the term 'language game'is meant to emphasise that the speaking of a language is part of an activity or a form of life.The owner of the concept of a language game is Ludwig Wittgenstein.He says that as the symbol of a word is unchanged,we can suppose the word is same in two seperate language games but in fact the word only has meaning in the context of its language game. Also we can get confused when various language games are connected in the culture and it shouldn't be forgotten that careless use of words can lead to a lot of conflicts.
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According to Lugwig Wittgenstein, who was one of the most influential philosophies of the twentieth century, creats the idea that the meaning of a word is determined by how it is used. So a word doesn't have one meaning or doesn't have the same meaning everywhere. A word's meaning differs from context to context. He explains this idea with his concept of a language game.
Words serve very different functions. Wittgenstein suggests: "Think of the tools in a tool chest. There is a hammer, pliers, a saw, a screwdriver, a ruler, a glue jar, glue, nails and screws.. The function of words is as varied as the functions of these objects. And Wittgenstain compares words to family resemblance. For example, the proceedings we call "games" like board games, card games, ball games, athletic games.. They have to have something in comman or they would not be called games. So it is characterized as family resemblances.
according to wittgenstein,the usage of a word gives its meaning.when children learn a word,they draw a schema of the word;the schema is about purpose and usage of the word,namely it is what the word means in their mind.while the schemas increase,the word has more meaning.we can show this on vocabulary acquisition and culture influence;we draw a schema consisting of animals-cow,horse,cat,dog etc.the child put all words said that it is an animal,it has four legs etc.and when the child hears these words,he/she remembers the title of the schema and features of the words and when heard the fetures,he/she remembers names of the animals in the schema.but if we think two different religion´s cultures-buddhism and islamism.at both religions,cows are holy animals but at first one,people worship cows and eating a cow´s meat is sin but at second,secraficing the cow and eating its meat acquire merit.while at schema of animals th usage and the meaning are same,at schema of holy animals both the usage an the meaning change because of cultural difference.the usage of the holy word determines what the cow means in mind.game over..3231050045
when we read the article of Ludwig wittgenstein who is the philosopher of language we see that he thinks that the purpose of a word is the use it in a language game.Also the meaning of a word is how it is used.for him there is a problem in language. it is that same word is used in two seperate language games.
and he thinks that the meaning of the word is not same every time. even if a word have a meaning it can change from context to context. for child vocabulary acquisitin is density. because words can have different meaning in different reagions children may get the difficulries of this difference. they live difficulties understanding languae game, because of the differences. also culture affect the meaning of words. for example in ancient times the word 'yosma' has a good meaning:güzel, bakımlı.. but now its meaning is quietly different and veica versa. so the languge games can't work for everytime, every reagion, and every culture...
Ludwing wittengensteini,an important philosopher contributing the philosophy of language says that the meaning of a word is how it is used or the meaning is use.he gives a name to this word production in an activity : language game.This game can change according to the culture of course because each nation has different activity and different patterns of relation so this difference cause to be produced different words or expressions in different languages.
3231050016 said...
Almost of us followed the same method in high school for learning vocabulary:memorizing.But we learn that this way is fast but temporary the point of acquisition vocabulary.As we read from Ludwig Wittgenstein,'the meaning of a word is how it is used'.According to his teory,for example,in a primitive tribe, a child learns a word from his/her elders of course within his beliefs,toughts,religion and pronunciation.However whitout experiance,these are not enough to acqusition.This is possible just only in real life!And the last thing that variety of words connected to nations' belief,religion,ideas,communication etc.
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According to Wittgenstein, the meanıng of a word ıs ıts usage. He claıms that real meanıng can be ınfered from context or sentences. Yes, that’s rıght. As we learned from our other lectures, we mostly focus on the context to get the meanıng of the words or sentences. other aspect of the words is ‘language game’. He uses thıs term ınstead of ‘speakıng words’. For hım, speakıng words constructs a language game. Yes, whıle we are speakıng to a baby, we use the words lıke a game such as ‘buum’ ınstead of water. 3231040050
I read or heard from one of my friend that "language is a game which will be played forever".With words we play this game.Generally We ourselves give the words meaning that we wish.If we like something we use that word in that way.but if we think the contrast; words which we hate are used in negative meanings by creaters(us).For example Greeks use the word "TÜRK" in order to fear their children,this may be because of their feeling of dislike or hatred ..But we and many part of the world appreciate our hospitility,respect,tolerance,love of help...Youngers are grown according to those descriptions....
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The philosophical concept ‘Language game’ which was created by Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, stands for the simple forms of the languages. Speaking of language is defined as part of an activity as the speech act theory.
Besides, the similarities between the rules of the game and language are emphasized. Two of them demand the capacity of acquiring these rules. Unless you don’t know the rules neither you can’t speak nor you can’t play. Through games which can be played only by obeying certain rules we gain the rules of our society in which we live. Games are microcosm of the society (world). In this small world the main actors are the children.
These main actors acquire in this process the habits of mind of their culture.
In addition to the rules of a language the meanings of words can be acquired in their contextual usage. The context can be formed in a play and the employed words get their meaning in this formed context. In this play where a context is created language and activity are woven to each other. Through activities the words get their meanings. The culture based ambiguity of the meanings can be acquired by the means of the games too.
What is the meaning of "language game"?This notion was claimed by Ludwig Wittgenstein who was one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century.Wittgenstein was olso the source of the idea that "the meaning of a word how it is used" or "meaning is use".According to this idea,the usage of words is important.
If two children are playing games between each other and use a language which consists of the words;doll,toy house,toy soldier,ball,dress of doll...And when one of them calls out of this words,the other will give this object how she\he learned to give at this call.So the children created a new language which Wittgenstein called "primitive language".
According to Wittgenstein children learn their language from the grown-up by being trained to its use.Part of this training is that we point to an object,direct the attention of the child towards it and pronounce a word.This idea focus on how language is learned in the first place and how they learn to speak for the first time.
The purpose of a word is the use that it serves within its language game.The word is(as a symbol,its letter or phomenes)unchanged.But in a different context,its meaning not be the same,it will change.For ex.For a child the meaning of "bread" will only be a food which makes him/her full up.But for a baker the meaning of "bread" will change and be more important.Its meaning will be "the way of which is provided his life".
In conclusion,words are tool for communication and they have purpose only in the context which they are employed.And words like rubber which you can pull the meaning of them every side.
3212040025 Aysel Çelik
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