Hello Everybody,
This week we studied the first and second language acquisition, please answer the following question:
How do deaf and blind children acquire their first (native) language? Do they follow the same pattern as other children? Explain these questions by comparing and contrasting deaf and blind children with children having no disabilities. (You have 2 weeks to complete this homework)
See the following websites before you answer the questions:
http://www.actionfund.org/ohsay/saysee18.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_language
http://www.tsbvi.edu/Outreach/seehear/archive/conversation.html
http://www.tr.wou.edu/DBLINK/lib/early.htm
http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/2002-02/1014417009.Ns.r.html
http://www.rnib.org.uk/xpedio/groups/public/documents/publicwebsite/public_keller.hcsp
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Keller
Have a nice holiday with your families.
Tuncer Can
119 comments:
When the child has both a visual and hearing loss, it may be more difficult to understand what she is trying to tell you and the parents may not be sure how they can best communicate and interact with her. There are many professional services in big cities to help parents to get in contact with their deaf/blind child (or both problems at the same time)to prepare it for its own safe future period in environment.But of course there are also some families withlimited budgets so they have to face with the difficulties and be patient to learn to handle the situation as much as they could. On the other side,in long term, it's the parents and the family, who will have the most effect on the child. S/he will be influenced by the kinds of gentle interactions of its mother or father. The caring and trusting relationship the parents build with their child will form the safety for her to explore and discover the unfamiliar or even scarey world.
The best and the practical way is to spend most of the time by playing simple games that are not only fun but also help to develop interaction and communication.
As we learned in our previous lesson especially from the film we watched children who don't have such problems learn language and many important concepts without any specifically planned instruction. They learn simply by being surrounded by language and by having ready access to environments they see and hear. The senses of vision and hearing help them organize information from the environment. On the other hand, children who are deaf-blind don't have the same oppurtunities to contact with people and the environment easily. Anyway, they learn how to interact, but the process takes longer depending on how far they have vision /hearing problem and how the parents are able to get in contact with them.
While a normal child is getting to react to voices and visions in her daily routines, same thingshappens or said at the same time by the same people, the other child needs others to help them making sense of the world. The parents have to be very sensitive about their demands by observing their facial expressions because they are not able to tell what they really want.They can get such information through watching their breathing,sign of excitement or their mouths, lips whether they are open or tightly closed,showing they want to eat more or not anymore.Developing a close and trusting relationship with the child,using consistent daily routines in which s/he is fully involved, providing her with cues s/he can learn to anticipate what is going on and letting her to feel and touch the parents'warmth are the best ways to make her comfortable with theenvironment.As I said above it takes more timebut itworks.PelinAkcura
The child who has both hearing and seeing loss begins to live rather different than other children who has not disabilities like this.This difference comes from variable factors.Especially, such children have not the same opportunities to communicate or to perceive the world as the others so they will need a special interest or different care from their parents and after other people around them.Otherwise, they may not communicate during their life.This special care begins with the born and the blind/deaf baby need a first behavior from her/his parents to be able to understand the world and to start to communication.Other normal babies can see their mother or can hear her and they can easily learn to speak, to communicate by imitating the people around them but both blindness and visual loss do not permit them to do it so this main perception difference cause to communication loss.Hovewer,It's not impossible because they have also touching sense and instead of using verbal or visual language, parents can use touching sense for teaching world and communication skills. This won't be easy but special care and some organisational helps can save them from isolation and loneliness.
Of course they will learn a new and really different language from all languages for communication but in fact we also learn new and different things when we begin to learn our native language.Only difference can be the style of using the new thing(language);children who have not disabilities use verbal and visual language but others use the touching to communicate.The main difference is at the stage of learning it because there are two sides which don't use the same language: deaf and blind baby and the others so everything start with learning the such babies language and the right attitude towards them.
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According to Noam Chomsky,the mechanism of language acquisition formulates from innate processes.He claims that children have innate,language specific abilities that faciliate and constrain language learning.
Every infant,regardless of being deaf or blind or both starts language acquisition from the very early months of his life.However,children that have visual impairment and hearing loss acquire native language in a relatively slow way because they have no interaction with another individuals in terms of oral language.
Children that have no disabilities can acquire a language by imitation of words that their parents utter and try to speak properly.You know,they bubble and utter one-word sentences whether they are meaningless or not.That is,they acquire a language as time goes by.
As for deaf and blind children,they acquire their native language by some methods such as sign language,finger printing,gestures,braille,tellatouch,and tadoma(lip reading),etc.Also,cochlear implants(microscopic hair cells)are placed in the inner ear and hearing takes place properly.Conversation occurs at all levels even with individuals eho have little or no spoken language despite the misconception that blind or deaf people have no language.However,sign languages are as rich and complex as any oral language because of their complex grammar rules and signs of their own.
firstly we must ask a question. are children acquire mother tongue by hearing or watching? i thing no. human being is born with a great learninig ability and an ambitious with finding new things. this is called technology. this mean: making the life easier. people invited lots of things like tv, computer, plate, phone etc. they all make our life easier. the inventor of them never seen sth. like those before. they invited.
therefore languages are invited. and it also make easier our lives. if the first people could have invited why can't the blind and deaf people invite the method which let them communicate with other people
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3231050036 said...
Before a child starts talking,ıt learns some accomplishments which aren't oral such as showing,watching,trying to reach something and they learn something with their body languages...Body language is also used by deaf and blind children..such people who are blind and deaf learn cue language..And this language has a grammar structure such as normal languages..And cue languages are different like english and german in different countries..ı mean there are different cue languages..90 per cent of deaf children's families are talking and this blocks deaf children's learning cue language and lots of them are learning this language at least at the age of six.And being deaf and blind is being thought so difficult to learn but it is not so difficult to learn.And their families have to learn this language to understand these children.The most important difference between deaf ,blind children and children who haven't got any disabilities is learning their native languages.Normal children learn their languages from their mothers but deaf and blind children have to learn their from their teachers.So learning age for this two is different..
All the children without disabilities start with crying, smiling, cooing to communicate with the others or rather to explain their needs to his/her mother/father. When the infants reach the sixth months of age they start to babble and then one-word stage comes, where they utter their needs or they communicate only with one word which can mean a question, a negative sentence or a request. This stage is followed by multiword stage, where the children employ more than one word to communicate and interact with the environment.
But the case with deaf and blind children is a bit different. Although they can coo when they are still infants, they cannot follow the same language acquisition process as the normal children because of the lack of the visual and aural input. It means such children aren’t exposed to linguistic data which is in case of the normal children streams of sounds. For such children there is a different language to communicate which is called as Sign language. A sign language (also signed language) is a language which uses manual communication instead of sound to convey meaning - simultaneously combining handshapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to express fluidly a speaker's thoughts. Although language development in normal children occurs spontaneously and doesn’t require conscious instruction, the deaf and blind children learn this sign language with the help of the specialists.
For example Helen Keller who was deafened by Spinal Meningitis when she was about 6 months old, had learnt to communicate through this sign language, the Tadoma method (touching the lips and throat of others as they speak) combined with "fingerspelling" (alphabetical characters on the palm of Helen's hand). Later, Keller would also learn to read English, French, German, Greek, and Latin in Braille.
There is also a new technology called ‘The cochlear implant technology’. With the help of this apparatus the deaf children can hear all sounds so they learn language naturally. It is asserted that compared to deaf children the blind children can learn the language like the normal children. Because they are exposed to aural linguistic data. It means this apparatus can really help to people who can afford it.
Firstly,parents who have blind or deaf children should be tought how to communicate these children.This mission is belong to official centers.The deaf learn their first language by the help of sign language which is a special type for them.And the blind learn their first language by using finger spelling.they can not learn language easily like normal children.I think the only difference between normal and disabled children is disabled children teaching takes more time when compared to normal children.
Every child has an innate ability to develop a language.Every individual has a language acquisition device.However,everyone develops his language by using different methods.Children who have no disability in hearing or seeing develop their language by using their visual and audio abilities.By using these elements,they found a relationship between environment and them.Children who have visual and hearing disabilities,on the other hand,use different methods such as touching,feeling,finger printing,sign language etc.to acquire their language.Apart from these,there are some kind of devices called cochlear implants which are placed in the child's ear.These supply the child's need of hearing,in other words,a deaf child can hear voices by the help of these devices.By the help of professionals,and especially by the self-denial of the parents,these children can acquire language though in a longer and a harder period.For their language acquisition,parents must develop an intimate,a trusting relationship with their children.They can help their children develop language by giving them cues,using daily routines for their anticipation of what will happen and by giving them opportunities to have control over their environment.
First of all,all children whether blind,deaf or have no disabilities are born with a language acquisition ability.So blind and deaf children,using different methods from children having no disabilities,can acquire language.Children with no disabilities benefit fom both eye and ear in the process of acquiring language.They see the object and store the sounds in their brains.Blind children use only their ears and store the sounds.And they use methods such as touching the objects or finger printing.On the other side deaf children use methods such as sign language and lip reading.May be such methods take longer time than learning language in normal ways,so parents of such children have to be patient and try to give clues to their children and they may create a special language between them.
The babies are born into a world which is surrounded by language. So it’s an incidental and easy learning for a healthy baby to learn his language. Unfortunately deaf and blind children don’t have this communication chance -yet deaf babies whose parents are deaf too are luckier. Because they have the chance to learn sign language incidentally. So deaf-blind babies need to be involved in an atmosphere which has some forms of language; communication. It may has touches, objects, signs etc. So a baby can learn to solve his daily problems by some signs. For example he and his mother may have a sign for eating,sleeping,changing diaper etc. By time, they are taught how to use their hands so they can even play games with some other babies. Most generally they learn their languages by games. Through them, they can learn ways to ask for help or other questions,they can express themselves etc. A method to teach them some words is to spell the word into the baby’s hand and then make him touch that object. For example the word “teddy bear”.The baby won’t have a little idea what her mother’s doing first but after several times he will learn that spelling activity is the sign of “teddy bear”. This process is almost the same for a hearing baby too. A hearing baby doesn’t know what that word means either but after hearing it several times he will associate the word with the bear. There are lots of methods to teach a deaf-blind baby his language. As aforementioned by playing simple games daily, he can learn the signs by recognizing. When teaching him the language by signs,a mother should involve her baby into the whole activity; for example when preparing the baby’s lunch. While preparing it together she should use the signs about “food,lunch,eat etc.” .Most generally as the parents don’t know the methods, they get help from a proffesional about how to teach their baby his language.
Canan GÜLBEY
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Language acquisition seems a bit difficult for deaf and blind children.
But, as all children have an innate capacity of acquiring their native language, it’s not impossible. As technology develops, new methods are occurring for language development of disabled children. Finger printing, sign language are two common examples of these methods. It can be said that the process of language acquisition requires more time and special care for children like this.
I have friend in Uludağ University. He’s blind but this situation does not make any negative effect on his lessons. Contrary, hi is very successful and ambitious. He will be an English teacher two years later. He uses some special tools for reading. His books are also special. He teases himself by saying: I never need an eraser. I am so lucky. He uses his native language perfectly and he has learned another language. İ think he is a great proof that children are born with a language acquisition capasity. However; it is true that normal children are luckier. They observe their environment; try to copy of the behaviors of their parents or relatives. They use the language properly as time passes, because language acquisition is a process. Body language plays a big role in this process. We can understand what a baby wants from the expression of his face or the signs he tries to show. When you see two deaf people talking you can realize how developed their body languages are. When a normal child begins to make sentences body language loses importance because child does not need it any more. This situation is different for deaf people. As they don’t have any other chance they focus on body language or sign language. You can watch news for deaf people on TRT if you want to see how communication occurs by using sign language.
my childhood was normal.ı could speak,read and hear.but some children have disabilities.for example deaf_blind children.their life is very hard because they are very different from us who have no disabilities,so they need special education.while we can whatch tv,listen to music,read a book,they cant any of them.they cant speak because they dont know whats voice.so deaf_blind children use a different communication system w.th the help of their family.for example their alphabet is manuel that is finger spelling.this system isnt learned normal school.because of that,they are gone special school.their family is careful of it.they may be isnt follow some pattern as us,but if they learn their special comminication system,they are very relax and life is very easy for them.3231050084.
3231050073said that
Both deaf and blind and normal children can commmunicate with their parents while they are infants by crying or smiling.Normal children having no disabilities while acquıring their first language follow this pattern babbling during which infants make language like sounds like dadada when they are six months,words during which they start to use the words like bear at about one year old and when they are two years of age
they start to combine the words like mummy go.When they are about four fo fıve years they completeley acquire their first language.But through all these stages children arent passive.they just dont soak in what goes around them.They are trying to make sense of the language they are exposed to by making generalizations and hypothesis about it.Because they are aware of the people,objects and actions around them.But the case isnt same with the deaf and blind children.Because they arent aware of the people,actions and objects around them.They are isolated from others.The primary reason for this is the lack of communication.Therefore the first thing that parents should do is to develop a close and trusting relationship with their children by hugging them.After that they should start to play games with children in a playful and enjoyable atmosphere through which they can learn the use of objects,prepositions,time phrase,people etc. around them.The real aim of these games is to help the deaf and blind to develop functional skills such as requesting,choicemakibg and social rituals and conversational skills such as such as initiating and maintaining the conversations which are necessary for good communications with their peers and adults.Also getting the chiıld mıre involved in daily life provides him or her a good chance to practise the things they learn at the games.Now the agencies which serve the deaf and blind help and give good istructions advice to the parents.while playing games and communicating with their children the parents always use the simple signs of the sign language.The children then make associations with the objects,actions and the signs.Later the deaf and blind children get a point that they start to form their first language through sign language to which they are exposed by making generalizations,hypothesis and associations about it.Later they completely acquire their first language thanks to the sign language and become a native speaker of it.But the deaf and blind need their parents and experts help much more than the normal children.They also have to pass a very hard and long process.Because they cant acquire their language incidentally or without any planned instructions.
Children having no disabilities acquire their first language by listening to sounds and seeing the actions of the people around them.Of course,it is difficult to acquire the first language for deaf and blind children.Parents should pay attention and know ways how their deaf-blind can acquire their 1L,because they require someone's help.Deaf children can get language by seeing explanations of people with movement of a hand.After 5-6years they can learn letters,read,write and more deeply to learn hand movements.İf children are blind,they can acquire by listening,for them to learn reading will be difficulty,but there are special books for blind,they touching and feeling can raed.İn general as the technology develops day by day ,there are many technological ways(as cochlear implant) specially for blind and deaf in the world.And some of deaf-blind acquire the language very well and there live many well-known people:singers,painters,etc which are very capable and clever. 3231050121
3231050019
everybody knows that people have some abilities like learning. while we are learning our first language, we do not do anything. there is a mechanism which is given by God on people and this mechanism is gone on unwillingly so learning language is unwilling action.
deaf children have this mechanism, also. owing to this mechanism, they learn their first language but because of being deaf, they can't learn how the vocabulary tell. that is, they can't show their knowledge about their first language.
blind children can say the things but they do not know how the thing which is said is. by hearing the voices they collimate their tongue.
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All babıes can communıcate.relatıonshıps are formed and sustaıned by vıa of communıcatıons.all parents are to respond thır babıes communıcatıons.Nevertheless,ıt may be really dıffıcult when the baby has both vısual ımpaırment and serious hearıng loss.of course there wıll be dıfferences between a healthy baby and and unhea
lthy one whıle acquırıng language,too.A healthy baby lısten the sounds and see the actıons around her.a deaf-blınd baby,however,dont know conversatıons are happenıng unless somone makes a specıal effort to ınterpret what ıs said.
ındeed,dıfferent methods can be used in these cases."Manual alphabet or fınger spellıng is one of these.thıs method can be used for teachıng to dısabled chıldren.For example,when a deaf-blınd baby handed a doll,the mother fınger-spells "d-o-l-l"ınto the baby's hand.the baby has no ıdea what the mother ıs doıng.hearıng chıld dont understand thıs,eıther.they learn ıts meanıng by hearıng over and over agaın and by assocıatıng ıt wıth the toy.Deaf-blınd chıldren make the same assocıatıon between the doll and fınger spelled word for ıt.there can be used dıfferent methods such as sıgn language,etc.
Moreover,ıt ıs ımportant to remember that today technology ıs very benefıcıal to dısabled people.To ıllustrate "cochlear ımplant".ıt replaces the functıon of the mıcroscopıc haır cells ın the cochlea of ın a deaf person's ınner ear.When a deaf person gets and uses cochlea ımplant properly,s/he can hear and learn speech sounds of spoken language.
3231050056.
Every normal child begins to communicate their needs from very early ages.of course they can't use language efficiently but they use various means such as crying,smiling.then they begin to babling and later pass to one word stage.At the end of all of these stages they begin to interact with others.However it usually takes constant effort to help children who are deaf and blind from early ages, to reach their potential.normal children listen to sounds and see the actions of people around them.they can imitate these sounds, see the objects aroud them and give names to these objects although many of the names aren't identical to that of adult's.Deaf/blind children can also coo,make some meaningless sounds but they can't pass to further stages because they don't know conversations happening unless someone makes a special effort to interpret what is said.so manual aphabet can be used to teach these chidren language skills.manual alphabet is something like finger spelling.For example;when a deaf/blind baby is handed adoll the mother spells d-o-l-l into baby's hand.the baby has no idea what the word doll means.haering children also don't know what the word doll means.they learn its meaning by hearing it said over and over again by associating it with the toy.deaf children make the same association between a doll and finger spelled word for it.these methot of course calls for special effort.parents of these chidren have to spend much time to make them acquire the language skills.
A child who has no disabilities can learn his or her native language in normal ways: both hearing the sounds and seeing gestures. Blind children and deaf ones have a distinct difference in the matter of acquiring language. While blinds don't have the sense of seeing, deafs can not use their hearing ability. So, they are to compensate their disabilities. Blind children tend to learn their native language by using the sense of touching. They have special alphabets made for them. In the same way, deaf children acquire the language by using their sense of seeing. There are sign languages in almost all countries to provide their communication. When it comes to children with no disabilities, they don't need the methods mentioned above. They can learn their first language using both hearing and seeing senses.They have the chance to use much more material when compared to disabled ones.
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I think native language learning can not be limited with only hearing or seeing etc. As the whole environmental factors has a share in this acquisition process and participates in it, not having opportunity to benefit from one or more of those factors should not be so incurable than not having an intelligence to acquire any communication way. But anyway it needs a bit more care and attention to make any handicapped child acquire his or her native language.
Language is only a mean of communication but the most common one.Still, it is not true to say that speaking is the only way to set communication with others because the great majority of mankind uses it. Anything which can supersede vocal communication can be useful as it.
So, what changes in the language acquisition process of a blind child for example? Sense of touch steps in here. Child's fingertips can be eyes of him. Likewise his seeing ability can be also his ears for a deaf child. The main point here is not to be late to come into action. Many special teaching techniques for those handicapped people have been and being developed in the world. The task is make them feel that they are a member of our community.
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We all know that ears,tongue and eyes are the most important communication means.I just want to explain it in that way;if you lose your legs,for instance,your movements will be restricted,too. And if you lose even one of these communication means,your contact will be restricted,too. As far as we learned in the courses children all over the world are learning a mother tongue by repetition. But a deaf and blind child has not got the same opportunity. And this situation requires a special teaching method,of course. Different ways are used by the specialists. I learned from one of the links you gave that when a deaf and blind baby is handed a doll,the mother finger-spells 'd-o-l-l' into baby's hand to associate the object and the print as a hearing child does when he learns the objects' name. And disabled child gets accostomed to do it..
First of all,each person has an ability to acquire a language from birth.For children having no disabilities native language is gained by hearing and matching the sounds with the meanings in process of time,then learning how to show the sounds;that is writing.On the other hand, for children who are blind,who are deaf, or who are deafblind, there are other ways that enable them to use the language.
A blind child can hear all the sounds,so nothing prevents him from learning the language.Moreover they learn better than anyone because they focus on listening.Nevertheless there is a problem waiting for them;access to written information.It's solved by reading in braille,using a computer that changes the written information to a spoken voice,etc.
And if a child is deaf but not blind,he can use the technology known as the "cochlear implant".When a deaf child gets it,he can hear and learn the speech sounds at any age.Because it makes the child learn the language through his ear.
A deafblind child can use the techniques above.He can solve the hearing problem via cochlear implant which makes hearing all sounds and learning language naturally possible.Also manual alphabet and sign language can be learned and teach .Special gloves,lip reading by touch which is not popular,and some other ways are also available.
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3231040107
Generally all normal children begin to give their first signs of speaking in an age of six months.İt is a long process that passes into several stages.Firstly,the child with no disabilities is in a continually process of contact with the envoirement.And as a response to this envoirement the child begins firstly spelling sounds with no certain meaning(babbling),sometimes just trying to imitate mother's words.Then these sounds become words,after this simple sentences and so on.
But in contrary,deaf-blind children have different first language acquisition.They are frequently isolated from others,have lack of communication.So parents have a great work to do,to be close to their children,try to understand them,what they want because those children can have disabilities but they are also human beings with desires and thoughts.Parents can try (themselves) to find a kind of communication with their children or can take the help of specialized teachers.One method of communication is the manual alphabet and sign language.For example the mother can try to finger-spell the name of a toy the baby is taking in his fingers.Doing this frequently with different objects will make the baby gain their meanings.Using devices like Tellatouch is also effective.İt is a small typewriter keyboard which the interpreter uses to pass on information.İt can be used in communication with people that have no specialized training.Also Tellebraille can be used for face to face communication.People can communicate with these children by tracing the shapes of letters on the palm of their hands.For sure it is impossible to make a deaf-blind child communicate like a normal child but at least using one of these methods we can try to bild a bridge of contact with their world.
If a child has both visual and hearig loss, acquisition of the first language can be more difficult for him than any other child not having such problems. Because they do not hear any sound and do not see the things around their body, life is more difficult,confusing, unexpectable and even frightening for them.Thearest helpers of the deaf-blind children are their parents because they are always with them and so they can establish a special relation with them and make them feel safer in their dark and silent world. It is difficult for the deaf-blind children to become familiar with the things around them and the most commonways to teach used also by Anne Sullivn, Helen Keller's teacher, is to give the objects to the child and then write their names on his hand. After the child learns many words, he starts to larn letters and reading with braille(raised letter) and then writing with tellatouch. In addition to these, the deaf-blind children learn lip reading in the course of time and so start to utter the words they learn but not cleraly,as they don't hear any sound and so don't know whetherhe speaks exactly the same sounds. Furthermore, todays an apparatus "cochlear implant" which mke the deaf hear and learn language naturally is used all around the world. Nevertheless, the deaf-blind children's language acquisition takes more time because of the absnce of vision and hearing senses which help a person organize the information s/he gets.While the children who do not have hearing and visual problems have oportunities for their incidential learning and can obtain any information from the enviroment witout any distort; the deaf-blind children are not as lucky as them and can't set up fully correct connection with the enviroment. Thus,learning not only language but also the worldaround them is very difficult for them and they need specifically planned education.
If a child has both visual and hearing loss, acquisition of the first language can be more difficult for him than the child not having such problems. Because they don't hear any souds and don't see the things around their, life is more difficult, confusing, unexpectable and even sometimes frightening for them. The nearest helpers of the deaf-blind children are their parents, because they are always with them, and so they can establish a special relation with them and make them feel safer in their dark and silent world. It is difficult for the deaf-blind children to become familiar with the things around them and the most common way to teach use also by Anne Sullivan,Helen Keller's teacher, is to give the objects to the child and then write their names on his hand. After the child learns many words, he starts to learn letters and reading with braille(raised letter) and then writing with telletouch. In addition to these, the deaf-blind learn lip readin in the course of time, and so start to utter the words they learn but clearly, as they don't hear the sounds and don't know whether speak exactly the same sounds.Furthermore, todays an apparatus, "cochlear implant" which make the deaf hear and learn language naturally is used all around the world. Nevertheless, the deaf-blind children's language acquisition takes more time because of the absence ofvision and hearin senses which help a person organize the information s/he gets. While the children who don't have such losses have opportunitiae for their incidential learning and can obtain any information fron the enviroment without any distort, the daf-blind children are not so lucky and can't set up fully correct connection with enviroment. Thus, they need specially planned education in order to lessen their perception difficulties.
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Emrullah Kocataş 3231040022
language acquisition process contains many factors.these factors are sound vision touch emotion...I m sure that I cant explain that process exactly.throughout history scientists tried to exlplain it and they explained it partly but not exactly.I imply that acquisition process is much complex and broad namely that process is reslised by many factors and abilities.If you are blind and deaf actually you have many abilities to acquire language.for example;according to chomsky everyone has innate abilities to acquire language.namely language acquisition starts early by innate skills.and in time these skills are suppported by outer factors like environment sound vision.if this supportance wasnt,acquisition would be slow but sooner or later acquisition is realised.Another example is touchment.these feeling helps deaf and blind children.we can use manual alphabet to acquire language another example;deaf and blind children get cochlear implants, and they can
hear all sounds and they learn language naturally, and the deaf-blind children
of today have very clear and understandable voices. Many deaf-blind children of
today are also playing music, listening to radio and television, listening to
recorded books and to computers that talk to them by computer voices namely deaf anf blind have many chances to acquire language
3231040022 EMRULLAH KOCATAŞ
3231050102 the style of native language acquisition of deaf and blind children are normally different from healty children.the disabilities they have ccause some problems in their language skills. a helty child learn their native language by hearing sounds or seeing the objects describied.and this process continues again and again .as a result of this repitition the children start to say the words they heard.this process takes a long time.it starts with babbling,language like sounds ,then continues with one word stage and children pass to organizing sentences step by step.but deaf and blind childen have no chance of hearing or seeing and sometimes both hearing and seeing .so they can't through this experience.instead there are some different strategies for them to learn their language.if a child is deaf from birth and becomes blind later this child can have some language skills.this child learns by using sign language.this language aiiows manual communication without hearing sounds.the person around the deaf makes some signs and he/she tries to understand what the other person is trying to convey.because this person knows sign language after becoming deaf and blind this time he7she tries to communicate with the other person by touching his hands.if a deaf and blind child isn't deaf from birth then the child learns by hearingiand at the same time her mother or father spells the word into the child's palm.many deaf and blind children learn their language by means of braille system.this system is explained by finger spelling or sign language.so these children communicate with other people.
Every child is born with the ability of learning language but language acquisition of deaf and blind children is diffrent from healthy children's. healthy children can learn their native language by hearing sounds and seeing actions, this process naturally come into existance.but disabled children need to get special education and requires special care.thus, deaf and blind children can acquire their native language by means of some methods used common in everyday's life. these methods can be the finger spelling alphabets and sign language.it is generally accepted that if a sense of human is weak the other ones with similiar tasks must be strong and acute.so blind people.for instance have an acute sense of touch.thus, they can recognize nearly everything.their visual mind is so grown-up and wide that they can imagine objects and form them into shape.i think that language acquisition is a matter of communication,it is not to be only speaking or something else. it is about how u express urself this can be with sounds ,with signs or anything else.if suitable method used i have almost no doubt that disabled children can learn their native language.
3231050033
Some children may be born with hearing and visual disabilities. Life is so hard for them; they can't have any idea about speaking, hearing, seeing, even world. In that case, how can they learn their language?
The best example is Helen Keller who acquired her first language (later some other languages) although she was both deaf and blind. As she did, children who has both visual and hearing loss can start with alphabet and then words. Firstly, it can be meaningless for them, of course. Then, they have to make a connection between words and objects they learnt. It is the most difficult part, in my opinion. After they make that connection,they can easily progress and begin to learn their language. During this period, family support and patience is really important. Beside their family, a tutor or an expert may help them, as well.
Comparing to them, babies who don't have such problems has almost no problem to get their firts language because they are sensitive the whole world and already born with this ability. Later this innate ability is supported with the environmental factors by hearing and vision organs. That is, chilren having visual and hearing disability get a language in a totally different way compared to others having no disability.
3231050002
According to psycholinguistics theory,all of the children are born with the ability to learn language genetically. This is an innate characteristic of the children. Each child, growing up in a normal way, learns a language.Every individual posseses Language Acquisition Device (LAP) from birth. This mechanism is neurologic tendency.
Children,who have both hearing and visual loss,have a diffuculty in learning a language of course. But it isn't impossible for them to learn a language. For example, there are some special devices for the deaf. Thanks to a device named cochlear implants deaf children can learn language easily. Blind children learn language with the help of swelling. Aside from these,deaf and blind children learn language with the help of experts and their families.
On the other hand, children, who have no disability,learn language in a very simple way. There are 3 theories about acquisition of language.(Behaviorist,Social learning,Psycolinguistic) According to behaviorist theory, while babies are repeating the sounds, they extract similar sounds to the words in daily language. Every normal child goes through a period of language acquisition.(Babbling,The one-word stage,Multiword stage,Sounds and pronunciation,Syntax and Morphology)
As a conclusion,both deaf and blind children and normal children learn language inspite of the big differences in their lives.
3231050068
Children having no disabilitiies can learn language easily from their environvent.on the other hand children having disabilities can learn language in a long period.
At first they repeat the words hearing from their parents if they don't have problems about their eyes or ear.if a child is blind, he/she can learn language easier than normal child because he focus on sound and he/she has to understand everything by means of sound.if child is deaf he/she can learn language by reading libs.That needs more time than the other because child get it by special education.If child is blind and deaf,he can learn language with special alphabet prepared for deaf and blind children.Of course parents can't do it by themselves but they can send their children to school which is busy with this problem Furthermore deaf children can recover by an operation so there is no problem about hearing.I think this is method is better than the others.
3231050008
Children who are blind and deaf,of course,can't learn their native language with the same process that is followed by children without disabilities.While a child with no disabilities starts his first language acquisition with some languagelike sounds and basic nouns;a blind/deaf child can't fulfill these patterns.Because children learn to produce sounds by hearing and seeing the conversations around.It's obvious that a child,who can't see or hear,won't be able to accomplish these.In this sense,some different methods of learning language are developed.One of them is "sign language" for deaf children.This activity contains using fingers to convey feelings.Acquisition of a sign in order to mean a word is a difficult process.Being succesful in that special language can only be possible by practising a lot.What i mean by that is to repeat a word's sign again and again so as to locate it on the child's brain.A method that's used for blind children's language acquisition is "braille alphabet".This contains signs on a special paper that are a bit raised in order that they can be read by touching.By this process a blind child can learn his native language.These are some of the methods to explain how deaf/blind children acquire their first language.___3231050071___
As we all know,learning a languge does not happen overnight.From the time we open our eyes to the world,we begin to examine and try to learn what's going on around us,what the people are doing and how they communicate.In doing this,our five sensual organs have too much contribution to our wonder of languge-learning.If we have all these organs we can feel lucky,but what if one or more than one of them is missing?It's already difficult and takes time to learn a languge with all the helping factors are in hand,it becomes more time-taking with the disabilities occur.However,it is not impossible!From the very beginning periods of her life while obtaining her mother tongue,a normal child listens to the sounds and see the actions around her.As time passes she begins to be effective in that native language of hers.On the other hand,if a child is both visually and audiolly disabled,it requires too much effort and self-sacrifice for her/his parents.Parents of this child are to follow some specific technics to communicate with their child and make her/him efficient for the community.They should find the best and effective ways to reciprocate interaction with the child.While telling sth.to this child,the objects that are in question can be touched to her/him.Some enjoyable audiovisual activities may be applied to and by doing this,both play and teaching-learning atmosphere can be constructed.There are also traditional methods such as using braille system,manual alphabet/finger spelling etc.These methods make it possible to communicate for the blind and deaf.And for these people are there some special schools that introduce these technics.Our world of technology also make communication easier for them.For instance,web designers provide some special web sites and struggle for them not to be deprived of technologic communication also.
As you see,no matter what your qualities are or not,if you really want,it is never impossible to do sth,even learning a language,which is one of the most difficult endeavors in the world.
*3231050064*
All of us must have encountered people lacking the abilities to speak and see.Despite this, they have communication with others, because learning a language (if it is first language) is not made up of only hearing or seeing.Maybe it can be understood accurately when we think about babies a little.They endeavour to create sounds that they have heard from their parents.In the passage of time it is seen that the language is learnt by repetition all time. This may be the answer for the question how blind children get language.Yes they can't see ;but they have the ability of hearing and touching.As for deaf children, they ,you bet,don't lack the ability of seeing.Language can be acquired with a special way called sing language by them. It is not easy and reqires special effort.But our brains is constituted so splendidly that the process of acquiring is happening being unaware.Although the child was born wiht such a lackness,he gets the language using his fingers and hands It seems to us like demanding a big effort but not. In fact acquiring a language is only related to brain,I think.3231050103
In the film we watched, we see that children having no disabilities learn their native language by imitating sounds belonging to things they see or their parents'doing in a normal period.Their seeing and hearing process has a normal working.So there is no problem for the normal children to learn.
But this is not same for blind and deaf children.They have difficulties while learning their native language as we all know, so.They are not able to learn their language like normal children.It takes long time for them to learn.Because there are many kinds of methods that they use such as sign language,braille,finger printing,gestures,tellatouch,etc.Thanks to technology there are lost of devices helping blind and deaf people.For example, deaf children get cochlear implants, and they can
hear all sounds and they learn language naturally.For blinds, there are many special devices such as books, special alphabet etc.There are lots of special education centers for them.
So, deaf and blind children can learn their native language with special efforts and determination.They can defeat their disabilities with the helps.This is an other important point that parents do not leave them alone so.They encourage them.
Thank You.
3231050014
Nurullah Yüzügüleç
of course ıt is difficult to acqure the first language for deaf and blind children because these children have no disabilities to acguire their first language by listening to sound and seeing the action around her/him because they do not have the most important communication means like ear,tongue and eyes so ıt usually takes constant effort to help children who aredeaf and biland from birth.parents of these children have to make them acquire their native language.blind children use some methods like touching,finger printing and at the same time they can use their ear for learnıng language.there is some special alphabets made for them.ıts name is braille alphabet.this can contain sign on a special paper that are a bit raised in order that they can be read by touching.on the other side deaf children use some other methods for learning language like sing language and lip reading ESRA ASLAN 3231050132
Teaching to both deaf and blind people languange is a very different method in all ways.Of course your style has to be different.but how?Generally in all countries of the world, we see that such as manuel alphabet andsign languange methods are being used to solve this problem.Let's start with manuel alphabet.This alphabet is a device which depict letters.Thus the person can know what the people around him old her are talking about.Also this people use sign languange;using arms and hands and fingers.Every motion depicts a diffrent word or sometimes a sentence.This may change from situation to situation.Besides that wee se that a technique which is not seen and agreed by people.that is lip reading.Everyone may not like tobe known of what they are talking about.This education has no a beginning age but beginning early is of course agreed.If the parent notice the problem when she or he is a baby they may begin at once.
the time and the methods a person acquires a language changes according to his\her personel or physical perfectness. but, if the child is a disabled one it is so hard and sometimes to comunicate with it perfcetly. if the child is only blind, you can teach it with touching it big hard letters. so it can read and you can comunicate,though hard.if the child is only deaf you can teach it visually. you can perform your ideas so it can understand you and you can comunucate,likewise,hard though. but if the baby is both deaf and blind we can say it is impossible to comunicate.as he can not see you and he can not hear you. so he can not respond to you. you can only understand its cryings or smiles.but, if it observes that when it cries you are giving something to eat or drink,it always cries when it is hungry or thirsty or when it needs something. and it makes sounds that may mean nothing.
3231050098 veysel
Each children learning to make use of available sensory information in his or her own way. Some children interact wiht their world primarily through touch. While others may rely more on vision or hearing.For many children on combination will be most useful. When your child has both a visual impairment and hearing loss ,however,it may be more difficult to understand what she is trying to tell you and you may not be sure how you can best communicate and interact with her. For exampl,disabled child may use touching profoundly because she may not be able to use her resuded vision or hearing. Hence using touching while teaching may be your first and only one choice. You can teach her greeting by using touching. That is, when you allways greet your child with a special 'hello'(touching her chest or shoulder for example) you can let her know someone is there. When we compare deaf and blind children with children having no disabilities, we will notice that both of them follow the same pattern , but there are some differences among them. For the disabled children ,the process of following patterns is slower than the others. I got this information when i observed deaf students in order to learn how they are acquring language. Also i think deaf and blind children struggle to learn abstract nouns when compared with children having no disabilities. 3231050006
As we know,speech is not the only possible way that human beings use.There are some deaf or blind people, as well.Let's take as an example deaf people.they can not hear sounds and so speech is not a very convenient medium for them.But most deaf people have normal vision and a visual medium would be quite suitable for language in their case.And there is a medium for them,that is called signing.A true sign language is not just a way of converting a spoken language into signs,instead,a true sign language complete with a large vocabulary and a rich and complex system of grammar.A true sign language can convey anything that can be expressed in a spoken language and it even allows its users to make jokes and puns and to use obscenties.A true sign language is the mother tongue of a sizeable number of people,most of whom are deaf.In short,there is absolutely no difference that we can see between language and sign language except for the medium.
The signs of a sign language are gestures,made primarily with the hands,face and head but sometimes also involving the arms,shoulders,chest and other parts of the body.
Also there are some blind children.ıf they aren't deaf at the same time they are luckier than the deafs as they can hear the sounds.By hearing their voices,they can learn speaking like normal children and after some years when they grow up,they can add themselves the fingerspelling method.so they can read something as well.
As we see,physical lackings can't discourage one from learning a language but we must add the truth that this is much more difficult than a normal children.So it means that families or peple around such children should try to help them as much as they can.3231050020
Deaf and blind children run into more challenges than having no disabilities children, because having no disabilities children grow up under no improwment condition and run into less difficulties. But deaf and blind children have a handicap. This handicap prevent them acquire the language eagerly. These children learn the language with manual alphabet or sign language . These disabilities children's acquisition of language both take a long time and it is under the level of expectation . Having no disabilities children acquire the language nearly the same ages even it isn't certainly the same . Disabilities children don't work harmoniously different part of life. Language acqusition , however, is one of the difficult one. 3231050100
3231050079 said...
When we compare deaf and blind children with children having no disabilities we can see some differences.Firstly i want to state that,in my opinion,for deaf and blind children it is more difficult to acquire their first language.Because they start to competition afterwards normal children.And the language they acquired might be a little different than ours.In other words we might not understand their language.But if the language is a form of communication of course theirs is a language also.While acquiring language children use voices,signs and even sense of touch.With the combination and constant repetition of the three they acquire their first language.But if the child is deaf he or she can't use one of the three;voice.So he or she uses signs and sense of touch more intensively.And he or she learns and uses sign language.If the child is blind he or she can't use signs.Instead he or she uses voice and sense of touch.But if the child is deaf-blind he or she can use one of the three;sense of touch.I think this is the most difficult one.Even though he or she can learn language.As for as i know these children use manuel alphebet.
Normal children having no disability acquire their native language by imitating their parents.That is,language development in normal children occur spontaneously,without requiring any special instruction.but,on the other hand,children having visual and hearing loss don't have a chance like this.they need the help of their parents or a teacher to acquire language.there are some special techniques to teach the disabled their language.in my opinion,finger spelling is the most useful of all.for example,a ball can be handed in a baby's hand then you can finger-spell b-a-l-l in to the baby's hand.in the long term ,by the help of touching sense the baby will acquire many words. 3231050069
All of us normally use our five senses to learn new things and our native language comes first.because we use most our hearing and visual senses teaching language to deaf and blind children can be difficult but not impossible.although they can't use these senses they can fill this gap with their touching sense at least the first thing that came my mind is that.on the other hand the intuitions of people in this position are generally stronger then ours.with the help of professional people and the demand of the learners language can teach.braille alphabet can be choice.giving some object into children's hands and spelling te object's name into their hands at the same time spelling the words giving allow to touch theacher's lips for imitation can be other effective ways. 3231050047
Every child has an innate ability to develop a language.Every individual has a language acquisition device.However,everyone develops his language by using different methods.Children who have no disability in hearing or seeing develop their language by using their visual and audio abilities.
The best example is Helen Keller who acquired her first language (later some other languages) although she was both deaf and blind. As she did, children who has both visual and hearing loss can start with alphabet and then words. Firstly, it can be meaningless for them, of course. Then, they have to make a connection between words and objects they learnt. It is the most difficult part, in my opinion. After they make that connection,they can easily progress and begin to learn their language. During this period, family support and patience is really important. Beside their family, a tutor or an expert may help them, as well.
Comparing to them, babies who don't have such problems has almost no problem to get their firts language because they are sensitive the whole world and already born with this ability. Later this innate ability is supported with the environmental factors by hearing and vision organs. That is, chilren having visual and hearing disability get a language in a totally different way compared to others having no disability.
3231050072
Firstly, ıt is usefull to emphasize that about this subject; language is one of the ways people use while expressing themselves.And language acquisition is that peceipted concepts being stored by means of different mental symbolls.Generally perception is different but way is same for everyone.The network between brain and language is briefly in this way.When compared to healty children, situation is not so different for blind and deaf children at all.Before educated, they perceive the world normally and are interactive with other people.This originates from people being same on the creation basis.That is, brains are programmed according to needs.In spite of expression differences, communication is effected partly.Finally, my thesis is so; language acquisition is completely same for every child; the only difference is that handicapped children build their mental world differently from perceipted world and express it in a diffrent way.
3231050013
Learning a first language is an innate skill.When this innate skill combines with environmental factors which can help children or infants to learn the first language,the first language is acquired simultaneously.What are environmental factors?How does a child or infant acquire the first language?We will answer these questions.Firstly,infants turn to more language at six months of age.That is like sounds could babbling. At hhis time,of course the infants don't know syntax or morphology.They make a sound like 'ba ba ba'So at this age,cognitive development is very important.İnfants observe their environment and imitate their surroundings.İn this respect,body language is another important factor.İnfants observe people around them by looking their gestures,listening their sounds carefully and they perceive these,then try to imitate.Gradually they start to speak.As we said before,it is an innate skill.Now then deaf and blind children...How do they acquire their native language?Neither these children can observe their surrounding,nor they can imitate the sounds or gestures.Because they can't hear or see anything.So these disabled children have no communication and they are isolated from other.Thanks to tecnology or invent,this difficulty diminishes even if it is a little proportion.For example,some devices can make the adequacy of hearing greater or better.Also,we can use sing language.Thanks to that,the disabled children can know their surroundings,of course for deaf ones.For blind children manual alphabet or finger printing can be useful.By touching they can perceive heir surroundings.Namely,although normal children acquire their native language by observing their surroundings,the disabled children try to do that by the help of their touching sense.So there are differences between abstract and concrete concept.Normal children learn their native language with concrete concept.We can do by seeing objects around us and by looking lips movement.The disabled children can do in his way.They can do by the help of concrete concept.as we said before,by touching they try to know their surroundings.
I learned that40.000deaf_blind people leave in our world. of course this number is'nt low and establishing communication with them,theaching something to them is not easy.Especially if child birn deaf and blind.parets who have deaf and blind child should apply different education for their child.I also want to say that ın my hometown we have neihgbour who have deaf and blind child.I saw that,that child have dominant mine from other children.In tahat time I understood that god helps them for giving dominant mine.I do not want to say that all deaf and blind people have dominant mine but if children are deaf and blind from very early age,it usually takes ingenuity and constant effort to help them reach their potential.they key to this is teaching communication skills.
For teaching child her native language first parents should learn something.Also teacher can help parents for teaching language.Parents and teachers cam learn to use the manual alphabet and sign language.It is a series of hand motions which depict letters. In some instances the fingers are positioned to resemble print letters.For example, when a deaf-blind baby is handed a dummy, the mother finger-spells "d-u-m-m-y" into the baby's hand. Of course, the baby has no idea what the mother is doing.Hearing children don't know what the word "dummy" means either. They learn its meaning by hearing it said over and over again and by associating it with the cuddly toy. Deaf-blind children make the same association between a dummy and the finger-spelled word for it....
3231040118
When we observe children learning their native language we can see that their interaction with their environment is of primary importance.Normal children gain the consciousness of language and learn their mother tongue by relating the sounds and words they hear with their environment.For example,the word 'book'as alone doesn't mean anything for a child.But when he symbolises this word with the object it stands for the word begins making a sense.This helps the child to concretize what he hears and sees in his mind.During this process ac quisition of a normal child's mother tongue happens spontaneously.One can never deny the importance of hearing and seeing senses in this process and children who have problems with these senses learn their native language by following different paths.For example,a child with visual loss learns his mother tongue by using ways like finger- printing,braille etc. and children with hearing loss are taught their native language by using manual alphabeth(sign language) or lip reading.But since these children lack the senses that help them symbolise and concretize their input it takes them longer to acquire their mother tongue. 3231050065.
3231050083 said,
Firstly, we can say that comparing deaf and blind children with a healty child is not logical. Since, a healty child can acquire effects of his surround and reacts to affects according to his acquires. But we can also indicate that blind one is luckier than deaf one. The development of language is acquire from surroundings and gather in his brain then begin to solve materials.There are three important effects for acquiring a language.Firstly,strong or weak voices,sing or gesture and touch.A healty child's acquire more faster than deaf and blind child.Their development of languge also such as.Without problem he can hear voices can see sings and can touch too.But deaf child only can use sings or gestures.He can't hear voices and can't react according to normal one we can't expect from them use language mistakeless.In the other hand blind child can only use his ears and they can't use sing and gesture.
Inspite of life difficulties of life they can learn language.For blinds can hear the voces normally they can learn language easily.For deaf this state not as good as blind.Thereby they should go to private schools to learning language.Besides deaf and blind children,we can see both deaf and blind children.They are more getting difficulty in learning their first language.For they can't hear and see they have to learn touching communication language.
As a conclusion, they are able to communicate with their environment as others by using the touching methods.
Language is a way of communication,as we know.A new born baby can not talk;because it doesn't know any language.It learns a language in a process; then starts to talk.It hears,sees and fells in this process.What if it doesn't hears?It sees people around it doing something.It communicates with these people with signs instead of talking.They communicate in this way;with signs.How can it learn a language if it is blind?Infants in these group can learn a language a little bit easier than the previous group.Because blind infants can hear and talk.But unfortunately they can not see.They hear voices around them and imitate the sounds.They can learn a language by the help of their parents.Because they will ask their parents "What is a bird like?" "How does a tree seems?" such questions.Parents should help them patiently in this process.
3231050025
3231050049 said,
Being deaf or being blind is very difficult.Life can become unendurable for them.But as everybody know every difficulties in the world can be solved. Problems have to be solved on condition that humanbeing has a strong will on determination. In acquisition of language deaf are unluckier than blinds, because acquisition is on a large scale based on hearing. I think there are three important methods during acquiring a language. From strong to weak: voice, sing and touch. Deafs have no change to use one of these methods(voice). touching method is already not necessary. Instead of voice they use sings. This type of communication is very different from bodily undamaged chilldrens' language, there are some privates schools for them. They can learn a different language but they can communicate with each other by the help of signs at the end. Each of these sings has diffrent meaning.
On the other hand we said that blinds are luckier than deafs. Because they can't see but they hear and hearing is nearly the most effective thing for acquiring a language. Their disadvantage is that they can't contact with their friends with their eyes. As everybody knows that eye contact is very effective in communication but we can say that at least they can hear, so they can speak their first language as a normal person.
For the last besides deafs and blinds there are deaf-blind children. May the help of Allah all time be with them. They have to be resolute all the time. Because it is very difficult living inspite of difficulties. However It is not impossible to speak for them. There are private school for them too. They can't use voces and sings to speak but they can use touching method. After they have learned letters written on their hand they feel and keep shape of letters in their memory. Finally,they can communicate with their environment as the others.
Our ears and eyes are like our windows opening the outer world,we develop emotions;fear,get excited,love,surprise,or develop aspects to view life according to stimulations that we receive by them.So an impairment or a total loss of functions of these organs effect the indvual's, considering the language acquisiton of children,the children's all life starting with its language acqusition.But how do these children learn to communicate?the answer of the question lies at the basis of the qoestion;that is.We don't say "how do they learn to talk" we say "...to communicate?".This, brings us the notion that although language is the basic instrument for communication it's not the only one.Another prevalant way of communication is the "sign and body language".this way of communication used also by those capable of talking,is what provides deaf-blind children to communicate.Because communication is an unavoidable aspect of being human,that is,we are born with the instict to communicate.And how does this happen? ı think the deaf children just maintain to communicate with the first language they learn after they are born,that is body language.As we alla know babies do not speak any language untikl they are aproximately 10 months,but still until that time they know their mothers,fathers,to give signal when they are hungry,bored or anything they need.the key point here is that they learn that when they cry the mother comes immediately,and that we don't always cry loudly,so not much problem occurs.however it won't be as easy as the un disabled ones because this will effet their psycologies as well.For example a research realised in german orphanage has shown that in orphange the doctors have provided teddy bears with a rythmic sound on their breasts to imitate the heart beats of a mother,when crying children were reieved with that bears.this shows that children need their mother's voice not only to communicate but also to be a mentally healthy person.And for both deaf and blind ones it s even more difficult,because uopn not hearing they also don't have the chance to see the affectin in the mother's eye or whatsoever..this time feeling takes a great role.they should touch the things to develop an idea about what kind of a thing it is,of course there are many professional way of enablng these children to acquire a type of communication.
Accordıng to Chomsky,there is a mechanisim of language acquisition and ıt formulates from innate processes.all children whether they have disability(blind,deaf..etc) or not they all are born wıth the ability to acquire first language.ı think the difference between children having disability and ones not is time and methods, used to teach them language; that is, children having no disability have chance for ability to see and hear simultaneously and they can imitate easily too.So, their learn language much better and easier. on the other hand,children having visual disability only hear sounds but they can't see and ones having hearing loss only see the gestures so, they learn language with the help of different methods in a longer time.All the same; as ı have just mentioned above, all children,having whether disability or not, are born with an ability to learn first language because of the mechanism of language acquisition which formulates from innate processes!! thanxx:)
BURAK GUR
3231050040
3231050039 says;
if the child is deaf, we can teach him the mother language with help of the visual materials.he can learn by seeing,but it seems impossible to speak for the people born as a deaf.in this case he can tell his feeilings and needs by using speacial hand signals for deaf.this hand signals must be taught clearly and correctly by the help of visual metarials and social environment.
if the child is blind, we can use audial materials to teach him.he can hear,understand and learn.but it seems impossible to teach them colours.for their writing,there is an alphabet,consist of embossed design letters.they can learn by touching.
but what if the person who is both deaf and blind_? embossed design letters can be used as a teaching metarials.but having born with the lacking of the ability to hear makes the person dumb.so, "klasik koşullanma" method may be useful.for example; when feeding that child,hold his hand and raise.everytime you do that and finally the child will raise his hands when he is hungry.
thank you... :)
Learning a language for the first time is a great achievement.It doesn't look like any other learning.Every normal child has a capacity to learn NL.Because s/he has a linguistic system that provides her or him to communicate with others and express her or his needs.Also children are surrounded by an environment,they are in relation with other people and they imitate them.Thanks to this relation,the normal children with no disability develops some various means to be able to communicate.At first they cry and smile to express their needs.Then they begin to bubble,this turns into words slowly.This a spontaneous process for a normal child;but deaf and blind children are frequently isolated from others. The major reason for this is the lack of communication with other people.So it is necessary to help them.The attitude of parents has an important role for their child to acquire their NL,I think.parent must be patient,helpful,close and aware of new techniques.One of these techniques is manuel alphabet and sign language.for instance the mother can give a toy to child then spells the name of it to child's hand by touching.at first child doesn't understand what the mother is doing,but they learn its meaning by hearing it said over and over again and by associating it with the toy.Another one is tellatouch, a small typewriter.The typist sits opposite to deaf and blind children.The typist traces the shapes of letters on the palm of his or her hands.Tellabraille is more computerized version of tellatouch which can be used for face-to-face communication and/or as a telecommunication device for the deaf-blind over the telephone.But it is expensive.The most efficient method is cochler's implant, I think.The cochlear implant replaces the function of
the microscopic "hair cells" in the cochlea in a deaf person's inner ear.with the proper
training, the deaf person can hear and learn the speech sounds of spoken
language at any age.
3231050104 said... There are thousands of deaf and blind people all around the world although most of us haven't met one of them yet.To realise what they succeed and do even better than people with no disabilities make us think on them much more.After giving some specific information about their learning native languages,I will share my own experience with deaf students for a search about HoW They learn TURKİSH
The first techniqe used to communiate is to listen to sounds and to watch the movements of people around.Deaf people don't understand conversation is happening unless someone tries to interpret what is said.Another techique is sign language which conveys the meaning by the help of combining handshapes,orientation and movements of the hands,arms or body and facial expression.The third technique is to have a knowledge of manual alphabet(also called finger-spelling).It is a series of hand motions which depict letter.In some circumstances,the fingers are positioned to resemble printed letter.Apart from these points,people who were deaf from birth,but become blind in a period of life touch the hands or arms of people to feel the motion, and understand what is being said.On the other hand,the blind read the speaker's lip and throat by touch. It is called TADOMA.As this makes the speaker disturbed,it is not much useful.Furthermore,some computers were produced which change the printed information to a spoken voice.Moreover,deaf-people wear a glove with letters and numbers printed on it.They perceive what letters are meant by knowing each letter has a special place on the hand.The last point is to have a device called TELLATOUCH Which helps people feel the letters under their finger by means of BRILLE screen. According to my experience,I firstly want to state that the schedule of their education and the books provided are akin to ours.But the teacher is allowed to either skip some subjects or postpone for the next years.How students should sit in the class is very imprtant since they must see each other and teacher easily.So the desks are arranged in the order U.Moreover,teacher do not let students use sign language and following lips while speaking,because they aim to join students into society.As you know,not many of us is able to use sign language.Furthermore,as each student has a little residue of hearing from birt they can also mount this ability by putting a device into theirs ears.Finally,I'd like to explain that if a student is less successful than his friends,teacher applies to SPECİAL EDUCATİON SYSTEM.While other students go on their studies,he is dictated by different types of tasks It is obviously clear that to learn native language is exquisitely awkward for them.After reading information provided in this essay,you can try to help them in society so that they can be glad a bit more
Because of lack of communication people who are both deaf and blind are usually isolated from others.While most children listen to the sounds and see the actions of the people around them,the deaf and blind don't reach this opportunity.They learned second language by using the manual alphabet and sign language with the helping of parents or teacher.Manual language is called finger spelling.Sign language is a language that uses manual communication instead of sound to convey meaning.For example when a deaf-blind baby is handed a doll,the mother finger spells "d-o-l-l"into the baby's hand.They learn its meaning by hearing it again and again by associating it cuddly toy.Many deaf-blind people use a device the Telletouch.It is consists of small typewriter keyboard,which the interpreter uses to pass on information.A few deaf and blind people also use a method Tadoma.Tadoma is lip reading by touch.
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According to Noam Chomsky, every person has a language acquisition device, which means human beings have an innate skill to acquire language. When a baby is born, (s)he is immediately exposed to language. As time goes by, (s)he gradually acquires language. For instance, firstly, (s)he babbles; then, (s)he uses merely one word; afterwards, (s)he builds subject+verb sentences etc. Many elements, such as vision, hearing, exposure to mother tongue, people around, objects etc. , contribute to that process. Nonetheless, blind children acquire language rather slower than normal children, and it is chiefly due to the dearth of sight sense. Thereby, blind children heavily depend on hearing, listening, touching etc. to acquire language. Their main problem is with written language. Since they cannot see, they cannot read. Yet, this problem is solved by braille which is a form of printing with raised parts that blind people can read by touching the paper.
As for deaf children, they acquire language slower than normal children as well. Because they cannot hear, they communicate through gestures, tellatouch, tadoma ( lip reading), eye contact, postures, facial expressions etc. Deaf people can overcome this problem by a device called cochlear implant which replaces the hearing cells and make hearing possible.
It is even more difficult for a deaf-blind child to acquire language. Owing to the lack of sight and hearing senses, they demand special care to learn how to contact with people. From my vantage point, they do not, in fact, acquire language but learn it. Touching sense and finger spelling are the most important things they depend on to learn how to get in touch with people. For instance, Helen Adams Keller who lost her sight and hearing senses at nineteen months learned to contact with people by the help of her tutor named Anne Sullivan. She learned it so well that she even wrote books such as Light in My Darkness, The World I Live in, The Story of My Life, Teacher etc.
In conclusion, deaf, blind and deaf-blind children can acquire and learn language, too. Yet, it takes longer than a normal child’s language acquisition duration.
Having conversations with a deaf and blind children,we must use some special tecniques about their disabilities.Because deaf-blind children don't know conversations are happening unless someone makes a special effort to interpret what is said.The best and useful way is to make this work funny for them.
Firstly,these children's families must learn to use manual alphabet and sign language.Manual alphabet is a kind of alphabet used by the deaf.Letters here are represented by finger positions.Sign language is a language which uses manual communication instead of sound to convey meaning.There are also some special dolls used for deaf-blind children's teaching.
A normal child having no disabilities,notices a doll's functions by playing with it or his family talks to him about it.But when you give it to a deaf-blind child,it is not meaningful for him.Then when you playing with him,you can use the special dolls with the help of the sign language.
On the other hand,there are some devices which is portable and consists of a small typewriter keyboard.
In writing,there is a special alphabet which called embossing system.Thus,a blind child can use it easily.
On the other hand,a normal child is able to get in contact with his environment in normal ways like hearing,talking and watching.Their families don't spent their times with their children's teaching when compared deaf-blinds.
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I believe we cant see those two disabilities as the same obstacle against learning first language as the deaf people cannot be exposed to the language whereas the blind can be. In other words if we accept that “being exposed to the language” is the first and the most significant of learning the native langauge we should not ignore the “audial” side of langauage.
I mean langauge is a comlex concept that has both visual and audial aspects and i believe both the deaf and the blind learn a native language by being exposed to the language. In this sense i cant say the blind are more advantegous than the deaf as they can hear the phonetics of the words which is included by the “audial” side of the language.
In short , we can say both the blind and the deaf “get” the first language by being pushed by external language events/sounds or images. Thats also how other chidren having no dissabilities “get” the native language.
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of course, it is very difficult to learn mother tongue for a child who has both a visual and hearing loss.but there are also some methods for these children. for example;sign language, tellatouch, finger printing,gestures exc.it is true that they learn native language very slowly because of their not having interaction with other people in terms of oral language.while a normal child learn how to use voice and vision ability very quickly and thanks to his/her communication with world and people, the child who has disability in hearing and seeing hasn't got the same opportunities.S/he has lack of contacting with environment and people.
ı mean, it takes much time than others but it worths to trying!!
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All people have needs.And they show their needs within some ways.As all we know or as much as we know a deaf person learn their first language by the help of sign language.This is a special type for them.But when we focus on other people for example deaf people,they use a different method.Blinds learn their first language by finger spelling.Parents should pay much attention and know ways how their deaf-blind can learn their first language.They are the first people who will help to disabled children.3231050017
Language is an ability which has been embedded to all born children.Although a child has this ability as soon as s/he born,unless his/her vicinity uses the language s/he can't reveal this talent.For this reason,when we discuss if deaf and blind children can achieve to learn language like normals or not,we can claim andprove that when it is generally thought,they can't reveal this talent.Handicapped children by deafness,because they couldn't hear any response to their voice,can't grasp speaking.Nevertheless,according to your advised html's for deaf people,by manual connection,they can learn their language wtihout sound.For blind children,both by talking and by using braille alphabet it can be achieved to teach native language and take good result.
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Human beings are really incredible creatures. Initially, they invented an incredible mean of communication called "language" and then they invented a more incredible thing: language for the disabled. The most fantastic inventions are made in times of hardship. This sentence seems to be approved when we examine the languages for the disabled. If a child cannot hear or see, how can he/she communicate with the others as easy as the normal children. I think the vitality of language forces them to learn it easily, which seems nearly impossible to me. Their enhusiasm can be the only explanation to that question.
Language is acquired through sensory devices such as eyes and devices in aworld of interaction.but what about children who lack these devices.Their hands serves as their eyes and ears.they go through the the same stages as the children with no seeing or hearing loss when acquiring native language.that is because every human being came into the worldwith a language device which is helps us to acquire language.but it isnt enough.The help environment in which ınteraction comminication develop İS needed.And because blind and deaf people lack visual and audial experience theiracquisition is slow and usually delayed.For example a mother gives her child who has the ability to see and hear a doll and when giving it she saysthe word 'doll'.She repeats the action and after a time the child relates the thing in her hands with the word doll.But this is not same with disabled child.they need the special care.the parents must be the guider.The family must create a safe environment in which the child can exlore the unknown.this can best created by the helps of sings and plays.
hereditary deaf or blind children's language acquisition is slowlier as the language requires not only a tongue but also eyes,ears[not blind and not deaf:) ] and a healthy left-side brain. 'cause the language's itself is an harmonious product of these and many other interactions. a baby's crying at very first moment of its burn indicates that people have an inner drive of speaking. but in the periods following, disabled have difficulty in speaking; as the deaf cannot imitate the the voice despite their ability to make some slight voices. their language acquısıtıon is provided by some techniques i.e. sign langugage, finger whatever it's called.we cannot say they can't acquire anything. but it is really hard for them. 3231050004
Up to now, there has been many studies on language acquisition all over the world.It is even very hard to explain how we learn our native languages without having a material.Beyond of this uncertainty,deaf and blind children are able to communicate well if they are guided in a right way by their families and teachers.First of all,children who have no disabilities acquire their first language by imitating the people around them.They only hear what is spoken and then repeat.After a period of time, they start to understand the meanings of words and continue to get the functions of the language in detail.On the other hand,it is wondered by many people how blind-deaf children learn to speak.Of course,many childeren who were blind and deaf were failing in getting a language in the past.But, as the time has passed,technology has improved so much that today we have many techniques and materials for blind-deaf children.To manage this duty,parents learn manual alphabet and sign language to teach their children what they have learnt.Manual alphabet's other name is finger-spelling.Besides these,tellatouch which is portable is useful to teach language.For face-to-face communication TelleBraille is prefered which is computerized version.Some teachers trace the shapes of block letters on the palm of the children's hands with an index finger.Tadoma which is lip reading by touch is used widespreadly.Cochlear implant replaces the function of hair cells and deaf person's hearing problem is exterminated.As you see,there are a lot of ways to annihilate the matters for acquiring language.It mustn't be forgetten that more time and more patience are necessary for acquisition language of a blind-deaf child when compared a normal child.In spite of everything,using too many facial expressions,making more conversation and developing a close relationship with the disabled child will surely shorten the time which is spent for acquisition!!!
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of course deaf and blind children can't acquire their native languange as other children.but they can use their own languange too.at first they use their facial expression then they improve them selves.the child who has both hearing and seeing loss begins to feel different than other children .this is normal because other children can communicate in normal conditions but they cannot.we can absolutely say that language is the capability we acquire when we born but deaf and blind children acquire this capability later than normal children.ıt is said that they can learn the manual alphaleat in a few hours and improve themselves step by step.ı thınk that the life conditions forse them to learn the native language of them...
We have already learnt that "social conditions and cognitive process must be together for language acquisition".When we look from the perspective of cognitivist approach suggested by NOAM CHOMSKY, we can notice that both deaf-blind children and children having no disabilities have LAD.It comes from our nature.In the same way,we know that all children grow up in a social environment.As a result of this equality,we see the same patterns of language acquisition are observed for babies.The most clear example of this is the bubbling of all babies.Until that point everything seems normal,but when the speaking process starts,different methods will be needed for children who have both visual impairment and hearing loss.It is known that children who can see and hear learn language without any specially planned instruction, but deaf-blind children need their families to help make sense of the world.Special educational services and special methods of communication such as words,gestures,signs,touch cues,object cues,movement cues,contextual cues,visual or auditory cues must be provided for them.Besides the professional help, families'interactions with their children will constitute a confident environment,so they will be able to share many things.
Using all those techniques will be useful for the first language acquisition of deaf-blind children.
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I think,when children learn their first language,the role of environment is very important.Because,according to sounds which they hear from environment,their ability of speaking and perception of materials start to improve.For instance;a baby firstly says 'baba or anne or mama'.Because,a baby hears these sounds frequently.Also,his/her father and mother tell 'say baba'or when they feed him,they always repeat'mama'. But, deaf and blind children have no this chance. So, they can't follow the same pattern as other children.A deaf and blind child can't show reaction to sounds. So,interaction doesn't happen.Maybe, this child can succeed to communicate with parents.Thanks to private education,they can learn sign language.On the other hand,children having no abilities can't learn this language.Although they are deaf and blind, they can both see and think.Thanks to these abilities, they can develop their language.They can learn writing and reading.
Of course deaf and blind chıldren acquire their first languages differently from children having no disabilities.But according to Noam CHOMSKY;initially every infant whether they having no disabilities or deaf and blind can start speak language such as bubble.On contrast to deaf and blind children,children having no disabilities acquire their first languages by listening and seeing actions of people around them.This is imitation method.Also they use generalization method.On the other hand;deaf and blind children can need a special teacher to educate them and their parents about their language acquisition before they can walk.For example,Anne SULLIVON help Hellen KELLER to acquire her first language.With the help of many methods such as manual alphabet,sing language,tellatouch,print on palm,tadoma,braille,cumbersome communication,cochlear implant placed in the inner ear and hearing takes place exactly deaf and blind children can acquire their first language.
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There are lots of ways of learning a language for normal children who dont have disabilities.Their parents teach native language with different methods.They do this with ways of watching films,showing somethings,imitating somethings or some methods like these.This is not hard also this is enjoyable.But the children who are deaf-blind learn native langue hardly and this is a big problem for them.Their learning methods must be different and effective.Parents have important duties while teaching native language because they are too close to child.Firstly parents must be patiently and think learning methods for their child.The deaf-blind children can learn with touching objects and named the objects.Gestures are other advantages to learn language and can be effectively.Also fingers are good objects to connect children with their parents so children can use their finger while learning native language.Also technology have developed rapidly and different methods are developed by the way of it.If parents dont have monetary problem,the families who have deaf-blind chilren they can use technological methods for their children.Parents must be sensitive and patiently while teaching language and connecting with blind-deaf children.Maybe the children wont learn their language well,this is not problem because they arent like normal children.Also the deaf-blind children must be taken special care from teachers.Special care is most important for the learning of native language.With the help of teachers,parents can be useful for their children while teaching native language.The deaf-blind chilren have diffucult periods in all areas of their lives and learning native language is one of the important period of their life.Because it will affect all of their lives so they must learn native language well.For the children who can see and hear,learning native language is easy and can be learned with different methods but for deaf-blind children it is very hard and must work hard.
when wecompare normal children with deaf or blind children in terms of acquiring language,we understand the differences.If children are deaf and blind,we encounter difficulties.because of this reason we need to make effort acquisition language to them.Because neither they can hear nor can see anything.One solution is depicted letters for deaf-blind children so as to learning language.the other is sign language.I know a man who is blind from birth and he can write,read and speak very well.I asked him did you meet a difficulties,the answer is very suprising he said: at first yes but ı got used to this and maybe ı learn language easier than you.
In general deaf-blind person very inventive for language ıf they want to tell something to you,they can tell used different types and at last they achieve their aim.
Many deaf-blind people use the Tellatouch.It consists of typewriter keyboard.And they use this device for learning language.I think blind-deaf children learn language but a bit difficult.
3231050034 said
A child without disabilities needs to have innate abilities to acquire language. This is the theory that famous linguist, Noam Chomsky claimed. According to him, language acquisition does not mean only imitation, but also it covers innateness. Additionally, the child needs exposure to language in his/her environment. However, it is difficult for deaf and blind children to acquire language, because they cannot be exposed to speaking language, even though they have innate language abilities. Nevertheless, they can acquire the language by touching and groping. At that point, they use some techniques to acquire language such as sign language, finger printing and gestures. 3231050078
Before we approach the matter,we had better establish the possibilities and thus the perspectives of deafness nad blindness in children. First, is the child deaf or blind, or both deaf and blind at the same time? Second, is the problem innate or did it occur after birth? If after birth, at what age? So we have two main aspects here, and under these aspects there are several veins to follow to get a thorough insight into the matter.
Children are good and natural learners. They see, hear, and feel the world and their young, fresh, and curious brains make it easy for them to get to know everything around them, including the language they're faced with in their vicinity. If they are deprived of one means of this knowledge, say, hearing, as in a's children, their experience will be restricted to seeing and touching. Instead of developing a balanced use of abilities, as in those who've all the mentioned ones, they'll fall back on just seeing and touching and maybe excel in using these senses. They'll catch the meaning from the gestures and the movements of lips. If the child is blind the process will be similar. Instead of making use of gestures or images, he'll excell in hearing and touching. But if the child is both deaf and blind, the matter would then be complex. Lacking the sight and sound of anything appals everyone at the first thought. And I'm no exception. Without having read the story of Hellen Keller, I wouldn't deem it possible for such people to acquire anything like language at all. So few as their numbers are, people like Hellen Keller show us what determination can bring about, once stirred. She acquired language through touching and feeling. And as she succeeded, then it's not impossible.
Drawing to the end, I'll briefly explain the second aspect l mentioned at the beginning. lf the child is deaf or blind, or both deaf and blind from birth, it then becomes more difficult for him to acquire language, as familiarity and in experience would retard the process. But but those children having innate problems may more easily adapt to their situations, as they wouldn't know the experience(hearing, seeing and touching) beforehand than those who've after-birth problems as they might be frustrated and downcast having lost the ability they until then took for granted. There come few words to say about this issue, but rest assured that whatever hardship human faces, he'll most probably withstand and find a way to overcome it, as he has the most complex and extensive capabilities of all living things.3231050050
My number is 3231050056. Can you give your comments on my answer?
Learning a first language is an innate skill.When this innate skill combines with environmental factors which can help children or infants to learn the first language,the first language is acquired simultaneously.What are environmental factors?How does a child or infant acquire the first language?We will answer these questions.Firstly,infants turn to more language at six months of age.That is like sounds could babbling. At hhis time,of course the infants don't know syntax or morphology.They make a sound like 'ba ba ba'So at this age,cognitive development is very important.İnfants observe their environment and imitate their surroundings.İn this respect,body language is another important factor.İnfants observe people around them by looking their gestures,listening their sounds carefully and they perceive these,then try to imitate.Gradually they start to speak.As we said before,it is an innate skill.Now then deaf and blind children...How do they acquire their native language?Neither these children can observe their surrounding,nor they can imitate the sounds or gestures.Because they can't hear or see anything.So these disabled children have no communication and they are isolated from other.Thanks to tecnology or invent,this difficulty diminishes even if it is a little proportion.For example,some devices can make the adequacy of hearing greater or better.Also,we can use sing language.Thanks to that,the disabled children can know their surroundings,of course for deaf ones.For blind children manual alphabet or finger printing can be useful.By touching they can perceive heir surroundings.Namely,although normal children acquire their native language by observing their surroundings,the disabled children try to do that by the help of their touching sense.So there are differences between abstract and concrete concept.Normal children learn their native language with concrete concept.We can do by seeing objects around us and by looking lips movement.The disabled children can do in his way.They can do by the help of concrete concept.as we said before,by touching they try to know their surroundings.
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To start with,not all of the infants are lucky enough to be born having sufficient vision and hearing abilities.As for healthy children,of course the acquisition of their native language is different from the deaf-blind.
Normal infants begin to interact with their environment and other people.Yet for the deaf-blind, it is not the same.They aren’t able to hear the words spoken or see the things around them,so they should make strenuous efforts to reach their potential. In doing this,the families and teachers of these infants have the greatest effect.
First of all,deaf-blind ought to be taught that there is a term called language and everything in the world has its own meaning.As a matter of fact,the deaf-blind should learn the discrepancy between verbs and nouns.As in the example of Tabor who learns different words thanks to the game played with socks, the disabled individuals should be taught to expand their understanding of the words.
There are many other communication skills.One of them is the manual alphabet ( a series of hand motions depicting letters).In some instances the individual’s fingers are positioned to resemble print letter,but sometimes they are formed by arbitrary hand positions bearing no resemblance at all to print letters.Another way of communication for deaf-blind is “Sign Language” .They touch the hands of the person making the signs to learn what’s being said.The key to achieve this tecnique is to restrict the movements in order that a deaf-blind person can follow conveniently.
As we see,the deaf-blind individuals formulate different kinds of conmunication skills in order to interact with other people altough they have hardships to understand the objects, voices and events around them.
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Language is acquired through sensory devices such as eyes and devices in aworld of interaction.but what about children who lack these devices.Their hands serves as their eyes and ears.they go through the the same stages as the children with no seeing or hearing loss when acquiring native language.that is because every human being came into the worldwith a language device which is helps us to acquire language.but it isnt enough.The help environment in which ınteraction comminication develop İS needed.And because blind and deaf people lack visual and audial experience theiracquisition is slow and usually delayed.For example a mother gives her child who has the ability to see and hear a doll and when giving it she saysthe word 'doll'.She repeats the action and after a time the child relates the thing in her hands with the word doll.But this is not same with disabled child.they need the special care.the parents must be the guider.The family must create a safe environment in which the child can exlore the unknown.this can best created by the helps of sings and plays.
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when babies,firstly, are born,they allhave the same equal sense.But,while normal children perceive every sounds and object aroun defective children.blinand deaf,may perceive neither sounds nor objects.so they learn their mother tongue by various ways.for example:blind cildren learn language by different sings,and relief alphabet prepared for them.they perceive it by touching with their hand, spelling.in istance:firsly,they thouch the word of "doll" then spel it as "d-o-l-l" while normal children can enumerate by seeing,they do by counting their fingers.morover they learn the name of objects by touching them.for example:by touching animals,they learn it is an alivedifferent from people.but a normal child understand not only by touching but also by seeing and hearing its sound.3231050046
In my opinion,the family and the deaf and blind children produce signs that they could use to communicate with. for example, when a baby cries because of hunger, if her/his mother provide the same response using signs which means "You're hungry." the child will gradually learn that "Everytime I'm hungry and I cry, Mom does this; maybe if I do the same thing I won't need to cry. Helen Keller is a great example of deaf-blind children who can also speak even if it's clear to some extent.In 1888 she went to a school for the blind.I think that she went to the blind school prior to the deaf school, because of this order in learning process: To be able to name the objects, she had to have the images of these objects in her mind.For example, running cool water over her palm from a pump , symbolized the idea of water.And while creating images of the familiar objects ,she was also learning the names of them with the help of "fingerspelling" alphabetical characters on the palm of her hand combined with Tadoma method(touching the lips and throat of others as they speak) which provided her to be able to speak.But most of the deaf can't speak because of not getting any language input.Language acquisition of the children with no disabilities is easy because they hear the language and start to speak after a period of babbling, language-like sounds,one word,two-word stages.They see the objects,and hear the names of them and this provides them to acquire language only by imitation. When compared to children with no disabilities, we see the fact that they learn the language late because they have to get acquainted with the objects,create images for them in their mind,name them, and also to be able name them ,they also have to learn fingerspelling.So the process of acquiring their native language lasts longer.In spite of contrasts in their learning process and its length, all children follow the same pattern during the process of native language acquisition. 3231050052
Learning native language is a complete system ,you see.you hear,you touch and you perceive. at the end of these you are speaker of that language but the lack of one of them doesn't exactly prevent learning the language.for example a blind person can learn his/her native language with sounds and touchs.these teachings must be more dominantly done otherwise it takes a long time to learn a language for a blind person.on the other deaf children learn a language via sign language like gestures and visual effects.in my opinion no matter what is the disability of someone he/she learns the languge,because this has vital importance for his/her contiue of life
3231050001 said...
Each child without disabiliteis use basic factors such as touching,sight,hear..etc.but the situation is different for deaf and blind children.because they do not have all these abilities.nevertheless this is not an obscure for them to learn their language and express themselves.with using the other factors more effecttively ,they may not feel the lack of one basic factor.for instance with sign language and tadoma method a deaf child can learn a langugage. the method used for blind children is finger spelling and sound system.
3231050037 said...
3231050027 DETERMİNİST
There are lots of disabled children who educated despite of their disabilities.These children are educated with different method of teaching when compared with other children who aren't disabled.For example blind children learn reading by swelled letter.also the teacher of these children are not as the others'.Because normal teacher can't do this work.because of that there is need for special teachers and almost in every country there are universities focused on educate such teachers.For deaf also there are such schools have special methods for deaf however ı don't know how they do this work:))We can't say disabled children acquisite a language.They can communicate easily as we do. we see this everyday at buses,tramways...They communicate by signs which they learn at schools.Shortly everyone can acquisite a language whatever his/her disability is.
3231050027 DETERMİNİST
There are lots of disabled children who educated despite of their disabilities.These children are educated with different method of teaching when compared with other children who aren't disabled.For example blind children learn reading by swelled letter.also the teacher of these children are not as the others'.Because normal teacher can't do this work.because of that there is need for special teachers and almost in every country there are universities focused on educate such teachers.For deaf also there are such schools have special methods for deaf however ı don't know how they do this work:))We can't say disabled children acquisite a language.They can communicate easily as we do. we see this everyday at buses,tramways...They communicate by signs which they learn at schools.Shortly everyone can acquisite a language whatever his/her disability is.
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If a child has a problem such as visual or hearing problems or both of them it is very difficult for he to communicate with people.But there are lots of techniques to do this.For example manual language,sign language.Manual language(finger spelling)is a series of hand motions.For instance if you want to say baby to this disabled child you spell b-a-b-y into child's hand.Some disabled people are not disable from birth so it is not difficult to communicate with them.On the other hand some of them are isolated from other people.Because they can't communicate with others and they feel themselves lonely.They see other children who have no any disability.They want to be this children's position.Some are try to be but some not.
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every person in the world has different abilities.some of us can not do something which can be done by other people.but there are some abilities which can be done by every people.I think the most important one of them is communication.every person in the world can communicate with other people even if they are deaf and blind.but their methods can be different.these childrens' families have some responsibilities.they should encourage their children.they can learn a language with the help of other abilities which they have.for example touching.there is a system which is called touching system.with the help of this system they can learn language.all of the world is reduced to touching system.but I think the most important thing while learning a language is person's own nature.because evey people in the world can speak some do this by speaking with mouth while some do this by heart.I wish god protect us from people who is seen as speaking but not knowing anything
To begin with, we can state that babies are born with the ability to distinguish speech from other sounds they hear, even though they do not understand what it means,and add that acquiring a first language is an amazing accomplishment.Children's brains are designed to help them learn language.From the time they are born,their brains register and process the sounds they hear.When children are at the beginning of the journey of acquiring their native languages ,they have to determine about the language which they hear.And, at the end of this journey,every normal child has an intact linguistic system which allows him or her to communicate with others and express his or her needs.New-born babies express themselves by crying and smiling at first.Then,when infants are at approximately six months of age, they begin to make sounds which are more language-like ones and we can call them "babbling".Later,
babling turns into "word usage" when they are around one year of age.The turning of babbling into word usage happens gradually.In this process,children usually make one-word speeches.Also,they may overextend or shorten the meaning of the words they use.That is,while a child uses a word to refer to more than one thing,he or she uses another word to refer to only one thing of the same kind,restricting the real meaning of it.On the other hand,the pronouncations of the words children use may be different from the ones adults use.When children are at about two years of age,they begin to combine words.Yet,while they are doing this,they only use content words,not function ones.Of course, they use incorrect forms of their native languages,but,as the time passes and they grow older,they make alterations ,reformulations or abandonments when necessary while they actively try to make sense of the language they are exposed to.Shortly,when there are no limits to access,children acquire language naturally through exposure and interaction.They do not need to be explicitly taught.Conversaly,children who do not have access to the auditory or visual channels through which a language is transmitted,they do not acquire that language naturally no matter how much they are exposed to it.So,these children need to be taught much of what they will ultimately know about speech.Deaf-blind children do not know conversations are happening unless someone makes a special effort to interpret what is said.On account of this,parents and teachers should learn to use the manual alphabet and sign language.The manual alphabet and sign language can be used to teach deaf-blind children.A sign language is a languge which uses manual communication instead of sound to convey meaning-simultaneously combining handshapes,orientation and movement of the hands,arms or body,and facial expressions to express fluidly a speaker's thoughts.For example, when a deaf-blind baby is handed a doll,the mother spells "d-o-l-l" into the baby's hand using her own finger.Of course,the baby has no idea about what the mother is doing.Hearig children do not know what the word "doll" means,either.They learn its meaning by hearing it said over and over again,and by associating it with the cuddly toy.Deaf-blind children make the same association between a doll and the finger-spelled word for it.Apart from the manual alphabet and sign language,there are some other patterns used by the deaf-blind people to communicate with others.One of them is the "Braille",which is a system of printing books for blind people using raised dots,and the other one is using a device known as the "Tellatouch",which consists of a small typewriter keyboard the interpreter uses to pass on information.The others are a computerised version of the Tellatouch,known as the "Tellabraille",and the method called "Tadoma",which is lip reading by touch.As conclusion,while children having no disabilities acquire their native languages naturally,deaf and blind ones need to be taught much of what they will ultimately know about speech.
3231050074 Meryem Simge Çengel
Every child seeks to communicate with the world just after the birth. To communicate ,of course, one must learn a language first. Children learn their native language by observing and listening to their surroundings. But this is not the case for deaf and blind children. As the the blind dont have the chance to see or the deaf to hear different methods should be used for them. Of corse this cannot be supposed that they dont use any language to communicate, they use it but actually their usage of language is not the same as normal people. The deaf children have their sign language and the blind use finger spelling. There are also lots of devices produced to make the communication of the disabled easier. Consequently, with the help of these facilities and of the supports of the families, deaf and blind children have equal provisions with normal children in every respect. 3231050089
In my opinion first of all we should accept language as one of the ways of communication. then we can say there are other ways to communicate.
Secondly we should know how communication occurs. communication occurs between two sides who send messages each other. but the messages to be understood both sides should know what that messages mean. if one side couldnt get the meaning, the communication fails.
we, people, usually communicate by language. our languages are executed mostly with voices but sometimes we also we use our bodies to convey messages. i mean generally we use audio-visual messages in languages.
so how does a deaf-blind person communicate? while they dont hear or see, they need to communicate for their needs. so whenever they are touched, i think they'll try to send messages at those times. or they can make a sound that tells of their hunger,or thirst. as a healthy child cries when s/he is hungry. before a healthy baby starts to speak they react to messages with a cry(for ex.), instictively. a deaf-blind baby can react the same way. or their sense of touch may be their dominant sense. so they can know the touch of their mother father, or they can realize a touch of foreign person. so even they are deaf-blind they can find another way to send messages.
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Even if a child is deaf and blind he has the ability to touch and this will be the only possible way for him to learn a language. normal children have the abilities to see and hear which makes it easy to define the things around them,and what is left is just to imitate the people around them and tell what they hear. but deaf-blind children have no such abilities for recognizing their surrounding, they have only their hands for it. their hand will be their eyes to get and idea of the shape of the things around and their ears to know what names people give to them. To get an idea about the shape of an item by touching is a relatively easy job compared to learning the names of them which creates the necessity to build a communication type using fingers, that is a finger alphabet which will enable the child to acquire a language at last but maybe after a long time.
3231050067saying both of them follow the same pattern is impossible or applying the similar methods for them will be a serious problem durıng the process of education.well,but how do deaf and blind children learn their language?what are the differences from normal infants?as we know durıng the learnıng natıve language senses have great role.most of tıme seeing or hearıng can be insufficient.in addition to this we can need even feeling.in this condition,for me,deaf childeren hawe little chance to learn language.even they can learn writing there is no chance to sound the voice.but with lip movement deaf chıldren can learn their native language.what about blınd of them?with the help of intinctive senses and mother blınd childeren learn easier.the possible technic is after children learn speaking teaching writing witth swelling words children can learn this with using their feeling sense.to sum up first we should use different technics from normal children for disabled ones then develop new technics for each of them
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Generally learning something improve with the help of the senses.For instance first language acquisition starts wıth hearing the sounds around and ıt gets a meaning wıth the concrete things.And of course self confıdence and motivation are very important helpers and they come wıth the love and relation of the family.Accordıng to all these process we can understand that we need normally two senses ,hearing and seeing,so ıf we have only one of them at that time we give more importance the useful one when somebadoy lost hearing sense his seeing ability wıll be much better so language acquisition realizes ın thıs way for example we can use visual teaching programme for deaf childeren or we can use casette or raised alpahabet for blind childeren when ı compare dısabılıtıes chılderen and the others accordıng to me time is the most clear dıstınctıon but both of them can acquire the language
I think family is very important here.As far as I know,physically disabled people are more sensitive and parents must help the child to use his/her senses in all aspects of life.It is necessary to benefit from senses while learning language too..The child already knows the language from the inside but he/she must get help from outside to communicate with environment.
3231050015 said
I think this learning process will not go on just like normal ones.
the deaf child would be more sensitive and would have a bigger tendency to copy the body and mouth figures happenin while speaking.
While he couldnt speak the movements would have more importance also he/she could make some unclear voices from which he wouldnt be aware.
To sump i can say that this process will work completely different and hearing has got a great importance while a language is acqired
Dear Elif,
I read your homework, and I think you've made a great work. First of all, it is so obvious that you've read the material on the net and you've thought on it as well. I can clearly see it in the language (technical words and terminology) that you use while writing your homework. Especially that you've mentioned about the finger spelling and the example of the word d-o-l-l. Thank you for the concern you that have in my class. I am sure You'll carry on with the same attitude and success. Thank you for asking me about an evaluation.
People who are both deaf and blind are frequently isolated from others. The lack of communication with other people is the major reason for this. We can solve this problem by some methods. For example, if children is only deaf we can make them learn sign language. Sign language which uses manual communication instead of saund to convey meaning. Also some devices can make the adequacy of hearing better. In addition, we can use manual alphabet for deaf-blind children. For example, when adef-blind child is handed a doll, the mother finger-spells "d-o-l-l" into the child's hand. At first the child may find such action meaningless. Afterwards the child will make association between a doll and the finger-spelled word for it. Also we can make them use Tellatouch. Tellatouch, a device, consists of a small typewriter keyboard, which the interpreter uses to pass on information.Using the Tellatouch does not require any special knowleage.Also the basics of the manual alphabet can be learned in a few hours.There is a also method called "Tadoma". Tadoma is lip reading by touch.It is hard to do and very accurate, consauently its not popular.Ever so,the best remeay for deafb-lind children is manual alphabet.
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people are born with a potential which is about communication.we need to get in touch with other persons and the world.speaking is the one of the connection's ways.this is a disadvantage for deaf and blind people.especially this is too difficult for deaf and blind children in early years.because most of things they've learnt are from the environment by hearing,listening,seeing,looking,touching.therefore these special children can't use their hearing and seeing function.In other words they create a sing language to say their requirements and needs.also parents must learn this sing language and manual alphabet to speak their sons and doughters.during the education braille dot patterns are explained to deaf blind persons though finger spelling or sign language.all in all these special children and humans need a special care like them from parents,teachers and even other members of society
people are born with a potential which is about communication.we need to get in touch with other persons and the world.speaking is the one of the connection's ways.this is a disadvantage for deaf and blind people.especially this is too difficult for deaf and blind children in early years.because most of things they've learnt are from the environment by hearing,listening,seeing,looking,touching.therefore these special children can't use their hearing and seeing function.In other words they create a sing language to say their requirements and needs.also parents must learn this sing language and manual alphabet to speak their sons and doughters.during the education braille dot patterns are explained to deaf blind persons though finger spelling or sign language.all in all these special children and humans need a special care like them from parents,teachers and even other members of society DİLEK YİLMAZ
As you know,according to Noam Chomsky all children has innate ability to develop a language.Every children has a language acquisition device.But every person develops his language by using different methots.
If children are blind and deaf,they acquire language by using different methots from children who have no disabilities.When they are deaf and blind a very early age,it is usually takes ingenuity and constant effort to help them to reach their potential.The key to this isteaching communication skills. most children listen to sound and see the actions of the people around them.Deaf-blind children don't know conversation are happening unless someone makes a special affort to interpret what is said.Blind chidren use only their ears and store the sounds,they use methods such as touching the objects or finger-printing.For example when a deaf-blind baby is handed a doll,the mother finger-spells 'd-o-l-l' means either.They learn its meaning by hearin over and over again,and associating it with the cuddly toy.Deaf-blind children make the same association between a doll and the finger-spelled word.On the other side deaf children use sign language and lip reading.parents and teachers must help these children.
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3231050081 hilal kayıkçı said:
All chıldren are born wıth an ınnate abılıty to learn a language.they can develop theır potentıal by usıng theır vısual and audıo abılıtıes.that means that they create some connectıons ın theır mınds wıth the help of envıronmental factors.they lısten to sounds,see the others and ımıtate them.on the other hand,the chıldren havıng dısabıltıes ın hearıng or seeıng follow a dıfferent method from them.of course we all admıt that theır learnıng process ıs full of hardshıps and much more dıffıcult than theırs.but ıt ıs not ımpossıble.so as they don't have dısabılıty ın touchıng or feelıng,they can acquıre a language system.Besıdes those,fıngerprıntıng,lıpreadıng,usıng sıgn language are the other methods they use for acquırıng language.especıall for the deaf chıldren,technologıcal hearıng devıces make the work easıer,too.nowadays beıng deaf ıs seen a solvable problem.also I should state that the relatıonshıp between parents and the chıldren ıs really ımportant.parents play a bıg role ın theır vıews,moods,and so learnıng process.
All normal babies from their birth begin to make contact with their environment and learn their languages.These babies understand what is happening by seeing and hearing.Firstly,these healty babies spell sounds, then they say words and then these words turn to sentences.They can acquire language by imitating and repeating their parents.However, deaf and blind children are not as lucy as them.As they don't hear and see what is happening in their environment, they express neither their needs nor their emotions.For these reasons they feel isolated and act passive. The roles of parents are very important.They should observe their children and make contact with them.For example, they can learn what they express with differences in their breathing, voice and motions.
The language acqusition of deaf and blind children is naturally different and difficult than normal children.There are different ways.One of them is sign language.They tell their feelins and needs by signs.We can watch programmes on tv which is given by sign language.The other method is manual alphabet which is sometimes called finger-spelling.It is a series of hand motions depict letters.For example, when a deaf-blind baby is handed a doll the mother finger spells "d-o-l-l" into the baby's hand.At the beginning, the baby has no idea what his/her mother's doing.But after several times He/she will learn that the word "doll" belongs to the doll which he/she handed and gain its meaning.This process is similar for a hearing baby. They don't know the meaning of the doll.They learn its meaning by hearing it said over and over again.
Moreover, there are the Braille and Tellatouch methods.The Braille is useful for expanding communication possibilities after patterns are learnt manual alphabet and sign language.And the Telletouch is also effective.It is a small typwriter keyboard which the interpreter uses to pass on information.
There are also some methods. Tellabraille which is used face to face and Tadoma is a lip reading by touch.But people don't generally use these methods.
All the methods which I told above can be used for deaf and blind children.I think parents must be cereful and patient.Because the teaching process takes a long time.We know that they haven't got hearing and visual ability but we should'nt forget that all of the people born with a potential of language learning. If these methods are used in a rigt way they can learn how to communicate with other people.
3212040013 YELİZ TOP
Acquiring a language is “picking it up”, i.e., developing ability in a language by using it in natural, communicative situations. Acquisition, however, is the most important means for gaining linguistic skills. A person’s first language (L1) is primarily learned in this way. the child,who has both visual and hearing lost, acquires language the same way like normal children. But deaf or blind children use gestures and body language to acquire language. the acquiring language way is same.3231050054
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of course visual and hearing ability are the most important factors for learning.but someone who has visual and hearing loss is forced to learn language.but acording to chomsky languge acquisition formulate from innate process so these people learn languge by the help of manual comunication.of course family is one of the most important factor for them.family try to undrestand them and provide them apropriate environment.for example games can be useful for them.they both enjoy and learn something.blind people have the sense of touching,so family teach something by the help of the touching.of course all of the country there are a lot of rehabilitation center.this center help family to the growth and learning children.
initially,deaf and blind children can not learn their native tonque easily as of their disabilties.But this is not the reason.Blind children can learn their NL focusing on listening.As they are not distracted with any visual infomation.They can not read anything.thanks to braille,they can learn their native language and read everything easily...
Deaf children can not speech and hear sounds.But now there is a system namedcochlearimplant.thanks to this thecnology, they can hear and speak very well.with the development of thecnology,now deaf-blind children acquire their NL.They can watch tv and listen music.As of their disabilities ,we can not say that they acquire their NL like other children.
İLKAY ÖZDEN
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after reading the links and after some researches I come across that deaf and blind childrens had invented signs that they could use to communicate with their families..It may be more difficult to understand what they trying to tell because children who don't have such problems learn language by having ready access to environments they see and hear..Seeing and hearing help us to organize informations more comletely from the environment..But children who are deaf and blind don't have same opportunities, they can get such information through touching the lips and throat of others..Parents must be very patient,understanding, and helpful for their children also by the help of professionals, these children can acquire language maybe it can be in a longer period but they can acquire..
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All of cildren born with ability of learning language if they do not have a problem with their brain.Unfortunately they all of theme do not have same opportunies.So they learn language differently.Children having disability have featuries such as;hearing,seeing,speaking.that is;everywhere,everyone,everything around of theme are a teacher for theme.however deaf and blind children do not same condition.they learning only by touching.so they face with a lot of diffucult when learning language.
I forgot my number.
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Fırat Kaya
3231050091
I think we should start with the sign languages. Sign languages are not based upon the spoken language and they have a different grammar than that of the spoken language ; and also like the spoken languages the sign languages also differ from region to region. Then ıf they havea different grammar they have a different language and that is the evidence of the fact that they learn their native language , this is too concrete, unarguable ! then how do they ‘acquire’? When we hear words deaf and blind , we immediately think that they cannot communicate with others. This is not true .Beacuse a soft touch or a hard one, feeling sth smooth etc can sometimes create many visual things in their mind. And also there is sth Choamsky arguing , it is that children innate a grammar module from birth , this makes their acquring process easier. With the help of this innation , the deaf and blind can give a shape to the input that flows to him in many different ways and with reinforcement coming from the community they can be directed oriented to the possible source of acqusition. For instance, instead of babbling, this action can be replaced with a movement , touch or a feeling .. The lack of their ability to see and hear doesnt make them unable to talk or learn, acquire or whatever , it just make them unable to see and hear ..that is all the problem ..The deaf and blind infant is not aware of his being in such a situation..he is not aware of these senses and because of that fact , he acquries the input with the rest of his senses, especially by touching...this is like the andectod , it says : the proffesor writes the hardest and unsolved two math. problems of thw world and the lesson finishes ..the late student enters the empty class and realizes the problems on the board and thinks that they are the homeworks for the next lesson and solves them and brings them to the classroom.. he was not aware of the real fact about the problems ..the blind and the deaf are the same with him , not aware of their lack of senses and fulfills the gap with others ..
And about the pattern they follow , yes ı think that they follow the same pattern because ıf they are , despite the lack of the senses, able to create a gramamar structure different that that of the spoken language , then ıf they built words with signs onto this structure ,then they follow the same path..they learn native language like the other children but in a different syle that is all..
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It ıs unfortunately that some people are born wıth some dısabilities,as blınd or deaf.For these people especıally ın bıg cıtıes there are many actıvıtıes group,helpıng them for hearıng and seeıng through anyway.ıt s known that they are unsuffıcıent to make group actıvıtıes.So ı can say theır parents have an ımportant role for theır success.unfortunately only afford of people,beıng profesıonal,may not be enough for these chıld readıng or wrıtıng.Connectıng and behavıours ın famıly certaınly affects the chıld's devolopıng.As a result ı can say for these chıld devolopıng,group actıvıtıes or game lessons,forexample chess for theır braın devolopıng,can help.certaınly ıt takes tıme.Parents must be patıent.
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As we learned in our lesson, all children are born with the ability of learning language. They learn by seeing and imitiating the sounds. Children listen the sounds and see the actions of the people around them. But deaf-blind children are lack of visual and sound input. They don't understand conversations unless someone interpret what is said. So they are isolated from others because of lack of communication with other people. So it is important to teach communication skills to them. They can learn how to interact. If the child have been deaf from birth and became blind as teenagers, sign language can be taught. To learn what is being said, they touch the hands of the person making the signs.If the child have been deaf and blind from birth, the manual alphabet and sign language can be taught. It is a series of hand motions which draw letters: But here, teachers and parents are very important. It can take a long time and they should be very patient.
All babies born with a capacity of language usage.After they are born they programme this capacity with a language.Babies communicate with their environment and both seeing and hearing they acquire their languages.But deaf and blind children haven't got this senses and can not acquire their languages in this ways.The major reason for this children is the lack of communication with other people.We must make special efforts to help them.With special methods they can acquire their languages.
A child who is blind can hear all sounds,and there is no problem for a blind child to learn language.In fact most blind children learn language better,because they focus on listening and they are not distracted by visual information.The only problem for a blind child is access to written information and that problem is solved by Braille Alphabet,or if the person can see a little bit then larger print might help,or by using a computer that changes printed information to a spoken voice.
Deaf children use sign language to communicate with other people.This language uses manual communication instead of sound to convey meaning-simultaneously combining handshapes,orientation and movement of the hands,arms or body and facial expressions to express fluidly a speaker's thought.
For both deaf and blind children,life is more difficult than the other children.Deaf-blind children don't know conversations are happening unless someone makes an extra effort to interpret what is said.The manual alphabet and sign language are used to teach deaf-blind children.The manual alphabet is a series of hand motions which depict letters.A few blind-deaf children use a method called Tadoma.Tadoma is lip reading by touch.It is hard to do and very accurate,so it is not very popular.
In conclusion we must help to blind and deaf children.Because they need others help make sense of the world.
3212040025 Aysel Çelik
language is a way of communication with other people.communication is not only form by language but also there are many ways of it.ınfact chıldren communicate before they have a language.ın language acqusition,environment hasa big role that children´s communication way changes according to their environment and firstly they learn first language from their families by listening the sound and seeing the actions.while normal children learn in the way we normally think of language,deaf and blind children use different way communication like touching,namely most children use hearing and sight senses,they use touching sense.ın acqusition,parents and teachers of the children are the biggest helper that they are eyes and ears of them.because their languge acquisition is associated with whether parents and teachers communication are good or not so they should learn sign language and braille alphabet and have patience with their children because they can learn by repeating parents/teachers teached over and over again.ıf the communication bridge between them and children is strong,the language is acquired quickly and easily.3231050045
ı think everybody have a wide acqusition system in their brain.in my opinion,the deafs feel and think just like us;but we change our feelings into words but they cant.the process of acquiring is similiar but,because of just one disabled faculty in the brain they cant perform their inner potential..but with some tools such as sign language and by using actions,they can clarify themselves,and prove their eagerness to speak...
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We, as a normal person who can hear when we were borned, heard voices around us. so we learned the voices by hearing them. as for deaf children they can not hear voices so they can't learn voices without help of technology. especially in big cities there are professional help. by these, parents who have deaf children can get aid for their children. they can learn firstly signals and try to communicate via these signals. but thanks to improving technology children are provided to hear by putting a special devices on their ears. if the child both deaf and blind he can not learn signals so they need tis device much more than deaf one. as a result we can understand that the way of acquiring language is different from deaf and blind people. 3231040019 ercan.....
There are many ways of teaching deaf and blind children.One of them sign language.They ntouch the hands of person making the signs to learn what is being said.Each child is different.Some children interact with their world primarily through touch,while others may relyn more on vision or hearig.For many children a combination will be most useful.For your baby:hold your bany in your arms.Involve your child in the whole activity.Provide opportunities to make choices.Invent your own games.Explore the world together.Adopt the environment(shiny reflective toys)Indeed,most blind people learn language better,because they focus on loting and they are not distracted by visiul interaction… 3231050080
It is not possible a normal childhood for a deaf or blind child.Because they will be aware of their absences certainly.It is enough to feel isolated for them.Lack of communication and scarcity of visual devices is a great disadvantage.I think family support is the most important factor,so they can gain self-confidence and courage.Their defects are not obstacle to feel that they are not alone.Besides meeting with similar children can be useful.Because the first step is to accept the situation and gain determination 3231050024
As 3231050101 said, Every child has an innate ability to develop a language and every ındıvıdual has a LAD.But everyone develops his/her language by using different methods. for example, a blind baby uses body language. he touches and feels or he hears even he can not see. A deaf baby, sees the thıngs around hım. he can acquıre the languge by seeıng, I mean wrıtten communıcatıon. so, there ıs no certaın condıtıon for acquarıng a language under thıs cırcumstances. 3231040050
The child learns its first language by getting used to hearing certain patterns of speech in relation to certain situations.Language includes many things such as sound,syntax,semantics,morphology,lexicon,pragmatics.Environment has a big role to acquire language.Babies are born with the capacity of language learning.They see and hear,then they make a connection between them,but we are mentioning about deaf and blind children.They can not hear any voice from environment,so they can not repeat.If he is blind not deaf as well he can communicate well.His only problem is writing but with braille it is solved.For deaf children there is a solution.It cochlear implants.Child use it instead of hearing cells.Thanks to technology they can hear all sounds and they can learn and use language.They can watch Tv and listen to the radio as well.Yes,they can not see anything now but they have no problem to hear and speak language.A deaf person can use it at any age.
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